7.1-2 Mayi etc. Jnanam etc. The words jnana and vijnana mean [respectively] 'knowledge' and 'action'. There remains nothing apart from these [two]. For, all the knowables are rooted in the knowledge and action.
।।7.3।।मनुष्याणामिति। अस्य च वस्तुनः सर्वो न योग्यः इत्यनेन दुर्लभत्वात् यत्नसेव्यतामाह(N यत्नः सेव्यतामित्याह)।
Translation · English
7.3 Manusyanam etc. All [persons] are not fit for this subject. By this statement, [the Bhagavat] has declared that, as the subject is difficult to grasp, it is to be learnt with effort.
7.4-5 Bhumih etc. Apard etc. [The demonstrative] 'this' denotes what is being perceived [as objects] through sense-organs by all men at the stage of mundane life. This is only one and at the same time is divided eigth-fold. Therefore the universe is one and unitary, because it is made of one single material cause. By this statement, monism is demonstrated even while following the Prakrti theory. The selfsame Prakrti has become the living one i.e., the personal Soul. Hence it is superior [to what has become eight-fold]. It also belongs to Me alone and not to anybody else. This Prakrti is [thus] two-fold and varied in the form of the universe consisting of the knowables and the knower. That is why this Prakrti (the basic material nature), being the substratum of all beings reflected on the surface of the clean mirror, viz., the Self , is nothing but Self's own nature and [hence] never leaves Him. This world : the Earth etc. [mentioned in the 4th verse].
।।7.6 7.7।।एतद्योनीनि इति। मत्तः इति। उपधारय अभ्यासाहितानुभवक्रमेण ( अभ्यासानुभव ) आत्मसमीपे कुरु। एवं च त्वमेवोपधारय यत् अहं वासुदेवो भूतः (S K वासुदेवीभूतः) सर्वस्य प्रभवः प्रलयश्च। अहम् ( N omit the sentence अहं प्रदर्शितम्) इत्यनेन प्रकृतिपुरुषपुरुषोत्तमेभ्यो व्यतिरिक्तोऽपि ईश्वरः सर्वथा सर्वानुगतत्वेन स्थित इति सांख्ययोगयोर्नास्ति भेदवादः इति प्रदर्शितम्। सूत्रे मणिगणा इव यथा तन्तुरनवध्रियमाणरूपोऽपि अन्तर्लीनतया स्थितः एवमहं सर्वत्र।
Translation · English
7.6-7 Etadyonini etc. Mattah etc. Keep them nearby : You should place them in your neihbourhood following the method of experience augmented by practice. Or [it may mean that] You should bear in mind that I, the Vasudeva, am both the origin and destruction of all beings. What is indicated by 'I' is this : Even though [it is viewed that] the Absolute (Isvara) is distinct from the Prakrti, Soul and Supreme Soul, It remains by all means immanent in all; hence there is no room for the theory of dualism of the Sankhya and the Yoga schools. Just as the pearls on the string. Just as the string does exist unobserved in the interior [in a necklace] though its form remains undetected, in the same fashion I remain in all.
7.8 Raso 'ham apsu etc. I am that [basic] taste which has not yet devolped as to have the classification of sweetness and so on, and which is being tasted in all waters. Similarly, the light : That [light] which is devoid of gentleness and fierceness etc. (The sound that exist] in the ether in the sky. The sound that etc. Here the emphasis is on all sounds, as they are attributes of the ether. Or, the passage denotes that empty basic sound which, being exclusively an attribute of th ether; which does not depend on any other external cuases like union and partition [of some objects]; which exists in the ether within the cave of the Brahman; which is ite intelligible to the groups of Yogins with attentive heart (mind); which bears the name Anahata; and which pervades the entire groups of the Vedas - that sound represents the Absolute. Manly vigour ; that lusture by means of which one is identified as a man throughout the earth.
।।7.9।।पुण्य इति। यो धरायां (S धरायाः) केवलधर्मतया गन्धगुणः स स्वभावपुण्यः। पूत्युत्कटादीनि(SN प्रत्युत्कटत्वादीनि) तु भूतान्तरसंबन्धात्। उक्तं च दृढं भूमिगुणाधिक्याद् दुर्गन्ध्यग्निगुणोदयात्।जडमम्बुगुणौदार्यात् इत्यादि।
Translation · English
7.9 Punyah etc. By its own nature pure is that smell which exists in the earth as its exclusive property. The foulness, the excessiveness [of th smell] are due to contamination of other elements. That has been stated [elsewhere] as :
'[A particular thing] becomes hard because of the excess of the properties of the earth; foul-smelling on account of the rise of the fire-properties; and stiff due to liberality (excess) of the properties of water' and so on.
।।7.10 7.11।।बीजमिति। बलमिति। बीजं सूक्ष्ममादिकारणम् ( सूक्ष्मादिकारणम्)। कामरागविवर्जितं बलं सकलवस्तुधारणसमर्थम् ऊर्जोरूपम् ( omits रूपम्)। कामः ( S omits कामः) इच्छा संविन्मात्ररूपा यस्या घटपटादिभिर्धर्मरूपैर्नास्ति विरोधः। इच्छा हि सर्वज्ञ भगवच्छक्तितया अनुयायिनी न क्वचिद्विरुध्यते धर्मैस्तु आगन्तुकैर्घटपटादिभिर्भिद्यते ( S घटादिभिर्भि ) इति तदुपासकतया शुद्धसंवित्स्वभावत्वं ज्ञानिनः। उक्तं च शिवोपनिषदि इच्छायामथ वा ज्ञाने जाते चित्तं निवेशयेत् (V 98 ) इतिजाते एव न तु बाह्यप्रसृते इत्यर्थ। एवं व्याख्यानं त्यक्त्वा ये परस्परानुपघातकं त्रिवर्गं सेवेत इत्याशयेन व्याचक्षते ते संप्रदायक्रममजानानाः भगवद्रहस्यं च व्याचक्षणा नमस्कार्या एव।
।।7.10 7.11।।बीजमिति। बलमिति। बीजं सूक्ष्ममादिकारणम् ( सूक्ष्मादिकारणम्)। कामरागविवर्जितं बलं सकलवस्तुधारणसमर्थम् ऊर्जोरूपम् ( omits रूपम्)। कामः ( S omits कामः) इच्छा संविन्मात्ररूपा यस्या घटपटादिभिर्धर्मरूपैर्नास्ति विरोधः। इच्छा हि सर्वज्ञ भगवच्छक्तितया अनुयायिनी न क्वचिद्विरुध्यते धर्मैस्तु आगन्तुकैर्घटपटादिभिर्भिद्यते ( S घटादिभिर्भि ) इति तदुपासकतया शुद्धसंवित्स्वभावत्वं ज्ञानिनः। उक्तं च शिवोपनिषदि इच्छायामथ वा ज्ञाने जाते चित्तं निवेशयेत् (V 98 ) इतिजाते एव न तु बाह्यप्रसृते इत्यर्थ। एवं व्याख्यानं त्यक्त्वा ये परस्परानुपघातकं त्रिवर्गं सेवेत इत्याशयेन व्याचक्षते ते संप्रदायक्रममजानानाः भगवद्रहस्यं च व्याचक्षणा नमस्कार्या एव।
Translation · English
7.10-11 Bijam etc. Balam etc. The seed : the subtle prime cause. The strength, free from desire and attachment : It is of the nature of vigour and is capable of supporting all that exist. Deire : the Will, which is nothing but Pure Consciousness and which is not opposed to any of the attributes (its objects) like pot, cloth etc. For, the Will, because it is the [conscious] energy of the Bhagavat, is immanent in all and nowhere is it opposed, eventhough it is being differentiated (i.e. the wills or desires are classified) on account of its attributes like pot, cloth etc., which are [only] accidental. Thus the wise, because they are devoted to this Will, are of the nature of Pure Consciousness. That has been said also in the Sivopanisad as -
'[A man of wisdom] would concentrate his mind on
the Will or [Self] Consciousness that arises'. (VB, 98)
[Here in this otation] that arises means 'that has just risen but has not yet spread outside.'
Ignoring this way of interpretation [of the Gita passage] some interpret it so as to bring out the idea 'He would enjoy the group of the three, not hindering mutually'. These (commentators) are ignorant of the customs (karma) sanctioned by the traditions; yet they interpret the secret about the Absolute ! No doubt they deserve [our] salutation.
।।7.12 7.13।।ये चेति। त्रिभिरिति। सत्त्वादीनि मन्मयानि न त्वहं तन्मयः। अत एव च भगवन्मयः सर्वं भगवद्भावेन संवेदयते न तु नानाविधपदार्थविज्ञाननिष्ठो भगवत्तत्त्वं प्रतिपद्यते इति सकलमानसावर्जक एष क्रमः। अनेनैव चाशयेन वक्ष्यते वासुदेवः सर्वम् इति (K adds another इति) ज्ञानेन यो बहुजन्मोपभोगजनितकर्मसमतासमनन्तरसमुत्पन्नपरशक्तिपातानुगृहीतान्तःकरण असौ प्रतिपद्यते भगवत्तत्त्वं(S omits भगवत्तत्त्वम्) ननु (K omits ननु) सर्वं वासुदेवः इति बुद्ध्या स महात्मा स च दुर्लभ इति। एवं ह्यबुद्ध्यमानं ( N हि बुद्ध्यमानम्) प्रत्युत सत्त्वादिभिर्गुणैः मोहितमिदं जगत् गुणातीतं वासुदेवतत्त्वंनैवोपलभते।
Translation · English
7.12-13 Ye ca etc. Tribhih etc. The [Strands] Sattva etc., are derived from Me, and not I from them. That is why he who has achieved his identity with the Bhagavat (the Absolute), properly realises all [objects] as being the Bhagavat [Himself]. On the other hand, the person who is established in the knowledge of objects of umpteen varieties does not understand the reality of the Bhagavat. This krama (traditional order) pleases the mind of all. With this idea only the Lord is going to declare presently 'Vasudeva is all'. There the meaning is this : He, whose internal organ is favoured by the descent of the Supreme Energy or grace (Sakti-pata) that arises after [teaching the stage of] eableness of effects of actions (karma-samata) that is brought about by the enjoyment [of effects] through many births; and who realises the reality of Bhagavat, with conviction 'verily all is Vasudeva' - that person is the great Soul and he is difficult to find. But, not knowing in this manner and, on the contrary, being duluded by the Strands, Sattva etc., this world, fails to perceive the reality of Vasudeva, transcending the Strands.
[The Lord] declares why the persons established exclusively in the Sattva etc. (Strands), are not conscious of the real nature of the Bhagavat :
दैवी ह्येषा गुणमयी मम माया दुरत्यया।
मामेव ये प्रपद्यन्ते मायामेतां तरन्ति ते ॥
Commentary · Sanskrit
।।7.14।।कथं खलु सत्त्वादिमात्रस्थिता भगवतस्तत्त्वं न विदुः इत्याह दैवीति। देवः क्रीडाकरः तत्र भवा दैवी क्रीडा ममेयमित्यर्थः। तेन सत्त्वादीनां वस्तुतः संविन्मात्रपरब्रह्मानतिरिक्ततायामपि यत् तदरिक्ततावगमनं ( N तदतिरिक्तभावगमनम्) तदेव गुणत्वं भोक्तृतत्त्वपारतन्त्र्यं भोग्यत्वम्। तच्च भेदात्मकं रूपं संसारिभिरनिर्वाच्यतया तान् प्रति मायारूपम्। अतो ये परमार्थब्रह्मप्रकाशविदः ते तदनतिरिक्तं विश्वं पश्यन्तो गुणाना सत्त्वादीनां गुणतालक्षणां भेदावभासस्वभावां मायाम् अतितरन्ति इति मामेव इत्येवकारस्याशयः। ये तु यथास्थित ( यथास्थितभेद ) भेदावभासमात्रं विदुः ते मायां नातिक्रामन्ति (S नातिवर्तन्ते) । तद्युक्तमुक्तम् न त्वहं तेषु इति।
Translation · English
7.14 Daivi etc. Deva means 'one who plays'. What is born of (or exists in) him is daivi 'play'. Hence, the meaning is : 'This is My play'. Due to this [play-trick], the [Strands] Sattva etc., even though they are not really different from the Supreme Brahman, the Pure Consciousness, manifest as different from That. This [differentiation] itself accounts for their secondary nature i.e., the nature of being an object of enjoyment i.e., being dependent on the existence of the enjoyer. This peculiarity of dual-nature is inexplicable for the persons of mundane life. Hence to them it is a trick-of-Illusion. Therefore, those who have realised the light of the Brahman, the Supreme Reality, and find the universe as not distinct from that [Brahman], they [alone] cross over the trick-off-Illusion which is of the nature of manifesting in duality and is in the form of the dependent status of the Strands, Sattva etc. This is the idea indicated by 'alone' in 'Me alone'. On the other hand those who would find just the manifestation of duality as they [appear to] exist - they do not across over the trick-of-Illusion. Thus it is rightly said 'I am not in them (in the beings of the Sattva etc.) etc.'
न मां दुष्कृतिनो मूढाः प्रपद्यन्ते नराधमाः।
माययापहृतज्ञाना आसुरं भावमाश्रिताः ॥
Commentary · Sanskrit
।।7.15।।न मामिति। ये च मां सत्यपि ( S omits अपि) अधिकारिणि काये नाद्रियन्ते ते दुष्कृतिनः नराधमाः मूढाः आसुराः तामसाः इति मायामहिमैवायम्।
Translation · English
7.15 Na mam etc. Those who do not take refuge with attention in Me, even while their body remains fit for the purpose, they are evil-doers and the basest of men, deluded, demoniac, i.e. given to darkness (ignorance). Hence, this is only the power of the trick-of-illusion.
बहूनां जन्मनामन्ते ज्ञानवान्मां प्रपद्यते।
वासुदेवः सर्वमिति स महात्मा सुदुर्लभः ॥
Commentary · Sanskrit
।।7.16 7.19।।चतुर्विधा इत्यादि सुदुर्लभ इत्यन्तम्। ये तु मां भजन्ते ते सुकृतिनः। ते च चत्वारः। सर्वे चैते उदाराः। यतः अन्ये कृपणबुद्धयः आर्त्तिनिवारणम् अर्थादि च तुल्यपाणिपादोदरशरीरसत्त्वेभ्योऽधिकतरं वा आत्मन्यूनेभ्यो मार्गयन्ते। ज्ञान्यपेक्षया तु ते न्यूनसत्त्वाः यतः तेषां तावत्यपि भेदोऽस्ति भगवतः इदमहमभिलष्यामि इति भेदस्य स्फुटप्रतिभासात्। ज्ञानी तु मामेवाभेदतया अवलम्बते इति (S omits इति) ततोऽहमभिन्न एव। तस्य च अहमेव प्रियः न तु फलम्। अत एव स वासुदेव एव सर्वम् इत्येव (S वासुदेवः सर्वमेवम्) दृढप्रतिपत्तिपवित्रीकृतहृदयः।
Translation · English
7.16-19 Caturvidhah etc., upto sudurlabhah. Those who worship Me are men of good action. They are of four types. All these are noble ones. For, other persons, mean-minded as they are, beg a cure of their affliction, and money etc., from persons who have hands, feet, stomach, body and intelligence (or bodily strength) that are eal to their (the beggers) own, or even from those who are very much inferior. But, by comparison with the man of wisdom, [the other three under estion] are of inferior intelligence. For, they entertain, at that sage too, a sense of duality. Becuase, a sense of duality 'I seek this from the Bhagavat' is clearly discernible in them. On the other hand, the man of wisdom hangs on Me alone with a sense of identity [of him with Me]. Hence, I am verily indentical with him. It is I alone, and not [any other] gain, that is dear to him. That is why he is having a mind purified by the firm conviction 'All is nothing but Vasudeva'.
।।7.20 7.23।।कामैरित्यादि मामपीत्यन्तम्। ये पुनः स्वेन स्वेनोत्तमादिकामनास्वभावेन विचित्रेण परिच्छिन्नमनसस्ते कामनापहृतचेतनाः (N चेतस)) तत्समुचितामेव ममैवावान्तरतनुं देवताविशेषमुपासते। अतो मत एव कामफलमुपाददते (S पासते)। किं तु तस्यान्तोऽस्ति निजयैव वासनया परिमितीकृतत्त्वात्। अत एवेन्द्रादिभावनातात्पर्येण यागादि कुर्वन्तस्तथाविधमेव फलमुपाददते। मत्प्राप्तिपरास्तु मामेव।
Translation · English
7.20-23 Kamaih etc. upto man api. On the other hand, those persons, whose minds are conditioned by a variety of their own respective desires for the best and so on (or the desires that may be classified as the best and so on) - they have thier thinking faculty carried away by their desires, and worship a particular deity who possesses nothing but My intermediate body that suits only to those devotees' desires. Hence, they obtain their desired result from Me alone. But, that result has an end of its own, because it is limited by the mental impressions of their own. Therefore those who perform sacrifice etc., with the aim of becming Indra etc., (or of attaining the houses of Indra etc.) gain their desired fruit accordingly. On the other hand, those whose chief aim is to attain Me, they gain Me alone.
But, while the Absolute-being is immanent in all, how is it that the fruit achieved by the worshippers of other deities is limited ? The answer is given as :
।।7.24।।ननु सर्वगते भगवत्तत्त्वे किमिति देवतान्तरोपासकानां मितं फलम् उच्यते अव्यक्तमिति। ते खलु अल्पबुद्धित्त्वात् मत्स्वरूपं पारमार्थिकम् अविद्यमानव्यक्तिकं न प्रत्यभिजानीते। अपि तु निजकामनासमुचिताकारविशिष्टज्ञानस्वभावं (N स्वभावां) व्यक्तिमेवापन्नं विदन्ति नान्यथा। अत एव न नाम्नि आकारे वा कश्चिद्ग्रहः। किंतु सिद्धान्तोऽयमत्र यः कामनापरिहारेण यत्किञ्चिद्देवतारूपमालम्बते तस्य तत् शुद्धमुक्तभावेन (S मुक्तभावे) पर्यवस्यति। विपर्ययात्तु विपर्ययः (SN add इति) ।
Translation · English
7.24 Avyaktam etc. Becuase of their poor intellect, these [worshippers of other deities] do not at all recognise the unmanifest and ultimately true nature of Mine. On the contrary, they conceive Me merely as one, possessing only a manifest form with a particular knowledge and a particular innage nature, all suitable to their own desires. [They think] not otherwise. That is why, no name or form [of a deity] is insisted upon [by the Lord].
However, this is the established view [of the teachers of the school] in this regard : If a person holds fast to a specific form of a deity in order to get rid of desires, that [itself] results in his becoming pure and emancipated. If the case is reversed, [the result] would be a contrary one.
7.25-26 Naham etc. Vadaham etc. I am not perceivable to all.
But the actions themselves, if performed, would beget emancipation at the time of dissolution [of the world]. otherwise, how does the total dissolution come to be there ? When this doubt arises, [the Bhagavat] commences [to answer] as :
।।7.27।।ननु च कर्माण्येव क्रियमाणानि प्रलयकाले मोक्षं विदधते (S विदधति N प्रविदधति) । अन्यथा किमिति महाप्रलय उपजायते इत्याशङ्कायामारभते ( मारभ्यते N मिदमारभ्यते) ।इच्छेति। इच्छाद्वेषक्रोधमोहादिभिस्तावन्मोहात्मक एव स परं स्फीतीभावमुपनीयते येन प्रकृतिजठरान्तर्वर्ति समग्रमेव जगत् निजकार्यकरणमात्राक्षममेव प्रसुप्ततामवलम्बते आमोहं वासनानुभवात् प्रतिदिनं रात्रिसमये सौषुप्तवत्। न तु तावता विमुक्तरूपता मोहानुभुवसमाप्तौ पुनर्विचित्रव्यापारसंसारदर्शनात्।
Translation · English
7.27 Iccha-etc. [At the time of destruction] he (the personal Soul) is led to expand exceedingly, while he still remains unconcious on account of his desire, aversion, agner, dellusion etc. On account of this, the entire world takes recourse to the sleeping stage while it continues to exist in its entirity within the stomach of the Prakrti (the Prime Casue); and to exist just being (temporarily) not capable of performing its activities. For, as long as there is delusion, the mental impressions are to be experienced, as in the case of the sleeping stage in the night time every day. But on that account no emancipation is gained. For, when the experience of loss of unconsciousness is over (i.e., when consciousness is regained), again the mundane life with its varieties of activites is found.
साधिभूताधिदैवं मां साधियज्ञं च ये विदुः।
प्रयाणकालेऽपि च मां ते विदुर्युक्तचेतसः ॥
Commentary · Sanskrit
।।7.28 7.30।।येषामित्यादि युक्तचेतस इत्यन्तम्। ये तु विनष्टतामसाः पुण्यापुण्यपरिक्षयक्षेमीकृतात्मानः ते विपाटितमहामोहवितानाः सर्वमेव भगवद्रश्मिखचितं जरामरणमयतमिस्रस्रुतं ब्रह्म विदन्ति आध्यात्मिकाधिभौतिकाधिदैविकाधियाज्ञिकानि च ममैव रूपान्तराणि। प्रयाणकाले च नित्यं भगवद् भावितान्तःकरणत्वात् मां जानन्ति यतो येषां जन्म पूर्वमेव भगवत्तत्त्वं ते अन्तकाले परमेश्वरं संस्मरेयुः। किं जन्मासेवनया इति ये मन्यन्ते तेषां तूष्णींभाव एव शोभनः इति।
Translation · English
7.30 Yesam etc. upto yukta-cetasah. Those, in whom the darkness (ignorance) has totally vanished, and the Self is well secured due to the decaying of the good and bad effects of actions-they break off the canopy of their [castle of the] mighty delusion and realise everything as the Brahman studded (purified) with the rays of the Bhagavat, emerging out of the darkness of old age and death; and realise 'what governs the Self, the beings, the deities and the sacrifices are all My own different aspects'. They also experience Me at the time of their journey, on account of their having internal organ permanently immersed in the thought of the Bhagavat. For, those who remember the Bhagavat even earlier, since their birth-they at the last momnet would very well remember the Absolute Lord. [Hence] it is good to simply keep silent with regard to those who opine 'What is the use of worshiping since [the time of] birth ?'
श्रीभगवानुवाच। मय्यासक्तमनाः पार्थ योगं युञ्जन्मदाश्रयः। असंशयं समग्रं मां यथा ज्ञास्यसि तच्छृणु ॥
।।7.1 7.2।।मय्यासक्तेति ज्ञानमिति। ज्ञानविज्ञाने ज्ञानक्रिये एव। ततो न किञ्चिदवशिष्यते सर्वस्य ज्ञेयजातस्य ज्ञानक्रियानिष्ठत्वात्।
7.1 See comment under 7.2
ज्ञानं तेऽहं सविज्ञानमिदं वक्ष्याम्यशेषतः। यज्ज्ञात्वा नेह भूयोऽन्यज्ज्ञातव्यमवशिष्यते ॥
।।7.1 7.2।।मय्यासक्तेति ज्ञानमिति। ज्ञानविज्ञाने ज्ञानक्रिये एव। ततो न किञ्चिदवशिष्यते सर्वस्य ज्ञेयजातस्य ज्ञानक्रियानिष्ठत्वात्।
7.1-2 Mayi etc. Jnanam etc. The words jnana and vijnana mean [respectively] 'knowledge' and 'action'. There remains nothing apart from these [two]. For, all the knowables are rooted in the knowledge and action.
मनुष्याणां सहस्रेषु कश्चिद्यतति सिद्धये। यततामपि सिद्धानां कश्चिन्मां वेत्ति तत्त्वतः ॥
।।7.3।।मनुष्याणामिति। अस्य च वस्तुनः सर्वो न योग्यः इत्यनेन दुर्लभत्वात् यत्नसेव्यतामाह(N यत्नः सेव्यतामित्याह)।
7.3 Manusyanam etc. All [persons] are not fit for this subject. By this statement, [the Bhagavat] has declared that, as the subject is difficult to grasp, it is to be learnt with effort.
भूमिरापोऽनलो वायुः खं मनो बुद्धिरेव च। अहंकार इतीयं मे भिन्ना प्रकृतिरष्टधा ॥
।।7.4 7.5।।भूमिरिति। अपरेति। इयमिति प्रत्यक्षेण या संसारावस्थायां। सर्वजनपरिदृश्यमाना सा चैकैव सती प्रकाराष्टकेन भिद्यते इति एकप्रकृत्यारब्धत्वादेकमेव विश्वमिति प्रकृतिवादेऽपि अद्वैतं प्रदर्शितम्। सैव जीवत्वं पुरुषत्वं प्राप्ता परा ममैव नान्यस्य च। सा (S omits सा) उभयरूपा वेद्यवेदकात्मकप्रपञ्चोपरचनविचित्रा तत एव स्वात्मविमलमुकुरतलकलितसकलभावभूमिः स्वस्वभावात्मिका सततमव्यभिचारिणी प्रकृतिः। इदं जगत् भूम्यादि।
7.4 See Comment under 7.5
अपरेयमितस्त्वन्यां प्रकृतिं विद्धि मे पराम्। जीवभूतां महाबाहो ययेदं धार्यते जगत् ॥
।।7.4 7.5।।भूमिरिति। अपरेति। इयमिति प्रत्यक्षेण या संसारावस्थायां। सर्वजनपरिदृश्यमाना सा चैकैव सती प्रकाराष्टकेन भिद्यते इति एकप्रकृत्यारब्धत्वादेकमेव विश्वमिति प्रकृतिवादेऽपि अद्वैतं प्रदर्शितम्। सैव जीवत्वं पुरुषत्वं प्राप्ता परा ममैव नान्यस्य च। सा (S omits सा) उभयरूपा वेद्यवेदकात्मकप्रपञ्चोपरचनविचित्रा तत एव स्वात्मविमलमुकुरतलकलितसकलभावभूमिः स्वस्वभावात्मिका सततमव्यभिचारिणी प्रकृतिः। इदं जगत् भूम्यादि।
7.4-5 Bhumih etc. Apard etc. [The demonstrative] 'this' denotes what is being perceived [as objects] through sense-organs by all men at the stage of mundane life. This is only one and at the same time is divided eigth-fold. Therefore the universe is one and unitary, because it is made of one single material cause. By this statement, monism is demonstrated even while following the Prakrti theory. The selfsame Prakrti has become the living one i.e., the personal Soul. Hence it is superior [to what has become eight-fold]. It also belongs to Me alone and not to anybody else. This Prakrti is [thus] two-fold and varied in the form of the universe consisting of the knowables and the knower. That is why this Prakrti (the basic material nature), being the substratum of all beings reflected on the surface of the clean mirror, viz., the Self , is nothing but Self's own nature and [hence] never leaves Him. This world : the Earth etc. [mentioned in the 4th verse].
एतद्योनीनि भूतानि सर्वाणीत्युपधारय। अहं कृत्स्नस्य जगतः प्रभवः प्रलयस्तथा ॥
।।7.6 7.7।।एतद्योनीनि इति। मत्तः इति। उपधारय अभ्यासाहितानुभवक्रमेण ( अभ्यासानुभव ) आत्मसमीपे कुरु। एवं च त्वमेवोपधारय यत् अहं वासुदेवो भूतः (S K वासुदेवीभूतः) सर्वस्य प्रभवः प्रलयश्च। अहम् ( N omit the sentence अहं प्रदर्शितम्) इत्यनेन प्रकृतिपुरुषपुरुषोत्तमेभ्यो व्यतिरिक्तोऽपि ईश्वरः सर्वथा सर्वानुगतत्वेन स्थित इति सांख्ययोगयोर्नास्ति भेदवादः इति प्रदर्शितम्। सूत्रे मणिगणा इव यथा तन्तुरनवध्रियमाणरूपोऽपि अन्तर्लीनतया स्थितः एवमहं सर्वत्र।
7.6 See Comment under 7.7
मत्तः परतरं नान्यत्किञ्चिदस्ति धनञ्जय। मयि सर्वमिदं प्रोतं सूत्रे मणिगणा इव ॥
।।7.6 7.7।।एतद्योनीनि इति। मत्तः इति। उपधारय अभ्यासाहितानुभवक्रमेण ( अभ्यासानुभव ) आत्मसमीपे कुरु। एवं च त्वमेवोपधारय यत् अहं वासुदेवो भूतः (S K वासुदेवीभूतः) सर्वस्य प्रभवः प्रलयश्च। अहम् ( N omit the sentence अहं प्रदर्शितम्) इत्यनेन प्रकृतिपुरुषपुरुषोत्तमेभ्यो व्यतिरिक्तोऽपि ईश्वरः सर्वथा सर्वानुगतत्वेन स्थित इति सांख्ययोगयोर्नास्ति भेदवादः इति प्रदर्शितम्। सूत्रे मणिगणा इव यथा तन्तुरनवध्रियमाणरूपोऽपि अन्तर्लीनतया स्थितः एवमहं सर्वत्र।
7.6-7 Etadyonini etc. Mattah etc. Keep them nearby : You should place them in your neihbourhood following the method of experience augmented by practice. Or [it may mean that] You should bear in mind that I, the Vasudeva, am both the origin and destruction of all beings. What is indicated by 'I' is this : Even though [it is viewed that] the Absolute (Isvara) is distinct from the Prakrti, Soul and Supreme Soul, It remains by all means immanent in all; hence there is no room for the theory of dualism of the Sankhya and the Yoga schools. Just as the pearls on the string. Just as the string does exist unobserved in the interior [in a necklace] though its form remains undetected, in the same fashion I remain in all.
रसोऽहमप्सु कौन्तेय प्रभास्मि शशिसूर्ययोः। प्रणवः सर्ववेदेषु शब्दः खे पौरुषं नृषु ॥
।।7.8।।रसोऽहमप्स्विति। सर्वत्रास्वाद्यमानो योऽनुद्भिन्न (N मानयोरनुद्भिन्न ) मधुरादिविभागः सामान्यः सोऽहम्। एवं प्रकाशः मृदुत्वचण्डत्वादिरहितः। खे आकाशे। यः शब्द इति सर्वस्यैव शब्दस्य नभोगुणत्वात् अत्रावधारणम्। अथवा यः केवलं ( SN केवलगगन ) गगनगुणया ध्वनिसंयोगविभागादिसामग्र्यन्तररहितः अवहितहृदयैः ब्रह्मगुहागगनगामी योगिगणैः संवेद्यः अनाहताख्यः सकलश्रुतिग्रामानुगामी ( श्रुतिमार्गानुगामी) तत् भगवतस्तत्त्वम्। पौरुषम् येन तेजसा पुरुषोऽह(य)मिति सार्वभौमं प्रतिपद्यते (N प्रतिपाद्यते)।
7.8 Raso 'ham apsu etc. I am that [basic] taste which has not yet devolped as to have the classification of sweetness and so on, and which is being tasted in all waters. Similarly, the light : That [light] which is devoid of gentleness and fierceness etc. (The sound that exist] in the ether in the sky. The sound that etc. Here the emphasis is on all sounds, as they are attributes of the ether. Or, the passage denotes that empty basic sound which, being exclusively an attribute of th ether; which does not depend on any other external cuases like union and partition [of some objects]; which exists in the ether within the cave of the Brahman; which is ite intelligible to the groups of Yogins with attentive heart (mind); which bears the name Anahata; and which pervades the entire groups of the Vedas - that sound represents the Absolute. Manly vigour ; that lusture by means of which one is identified as a man throughout the earth.
पुण्यो गन्धः पृथिव्यां च तेजश्चास्मि विभावसौ। जीवनं सर्वभूतेषु तपश्चास्मि तपस्विषु ॥
।।7.9।।पुण्य इति। यो धरायां (S धरायाः) केवलधर्मतया गन्धगुणः स स्वभावपुण्यः। पूत्युत्कटादीनि(SN प्रत्युत्कटत्वादीनि) तु भूतान्तरसंबन्धात्। उक्तं च दृढं भूमिगुणाधिक्याद् दुर्गन्ध्यग्निगुणोदयात्।जडमम्बुगुणौदार्यात् इत्यादि।
7.9 Punyah etc. By its own nature pure is that smell which exists in the earth as its exclusive property. The foulness, the excessiveness [of th smell] are due to contamination of other elements. That has been stated [elsewhere] as : '[A particular thing] becomes hard because of the excess of the properties of the earth; foul-smelling on account of the rise of the fire-properties; and stiff due to liberality (excess) of the properties of water' and so on.
बीजं मां सर्वभूतानां विद्धि पार्थ सनातनम्। बुद्धिर्बुद्धिमतामस्मि तेजस्तेजस्विनामहम् ॥
।।7.10 7.11।।बीजमिति। बलमिति। बीजं सूक्ष्ममादिकारणम् ( सूक्ष्मादिकारणम्)। कामरागविवर्जितं बलं सकलवस्तुधारणसमर्थम् ऊर्जोरूपम् ( omits रूपम्)। कामः ( S omits कामः) इच्छा संविन्मात्ररूपा यस्या घटपटादिभिर्धर्मरूपैर्नास्ति विरोधः। इच्छा हि सर्वज्ञ भगवच्छक्तितया अनुयायिनी न क्वचिद्विरुध्यते धर्मैस्तु आगन्तुकैर्घटपटादिभिर्भिद्यते ( S घटादिभिर्भि ) इति तदुपासकतया शुद्धसंवित्स्वभावत्वं ज्ञानिनः। उक्तं च शिवोपनिषदि इच्छायामथ वा ज्ञाने जाते चित्तं निवेशयेत् (V 98 ) इतिजाते एव न तु बाह्यप्रसृते इत्यर्थ। एवं व्याख्यानं त्यक्त्वा ये परस्परानुपघातकं त्रिवर्गं सेवेत इत्याशयेन व्याचक्षते ते संप्रदायक्रममजानानाः भगवद्रहस्यं च व्याचक्षणा नमस्कार्या एव।
7.10 See Comment under 7.11
बलं बलवतां चाहं कामरागविवर्जितम्। धर्माविरुद्धो भूतेषु कामोऽस्मि भरतर्षभ ॥
।।7.10 7.11।।बीजमिति। बलमिति। बीजं सूक्ष्ममादिकारणम् ( सूक्ष्मादिकारणम्)। कामरागविवर्जितं बलं सकलवस्तुधारणसमर्थम् ऊर्जोरूपम् ( omits रूपम्)। कामः ( S omits कामः) इच्छा संविन्मात्ररूपा यस्या घटपटादिभिर्धर्मरूपैर्नास्ति विरोधः। इच्छा हि सर्वज्ञ भगवच्छक्तितया अनुयायिनी न क्वचिद्विरुध्यते धर्मैस्तु आगन्तुकैर्घटपटादिभिर्भिद्यते ( S घटादिभिर्भि ) इति तदुपासकतया शुद्धसंवित्स्वभावत्वं ज्ञानिनः। उक्तं च शिवोपनिषदि इच्छायामथ वा ज्ञाने जाते चित्तं निवेशयेत् (V 98 ) इतिजाते एव न तु बाह्यप्रसृते इत्यर्थ। एवं व्याख्यानं त्यक्त्वा ये परस्परानुपघातकं त्रिवर्गं सेवेत इत्याशयेन व्याचक्षते ते संप्रदायक्रममजानानाः भगवद्रहस्यं च व्याचक्षणा नमस्कार्या एव।
7.10-11 Bijam etc. Balam etc. The seed : the subtle prime cause. The strength, free from desire and attachment : It is of the nature of vigour and is capable of supporting all that exist. Deire : the Will, which is nothing but Pure Consciousness and which is not opposed to any of the attributes (its objects) like pot, cloth etc. For, the Will, because it is the [conscious] energy of the Bhagavat, is immanent in all and nowhere is it opposed, eventhough it is being differentiated (i.e. the wills or desires are classified) on account of its attributes like pot, cloth etc., which are [only] accidental. Thus the wise, because they are devoted to this Will, are of the nature of Pure Consciousness. That has been said also in the Sivopanisad as - '[A man of wisdom] would concentrate his mind on the Will or [Self] Consciousness that arises'. (VB, 98) [Here in this otation] that arises means 'that has just risen but has not yet spread outside.' Ignoring this way of interpretation [of the Gita passage] some interpret it so as to bring out the idea 'He would enjoy the group of the three, not hindering mutually'. These (commentators) are ignorant of the customs (karma) sanctioned by the traditions; yet they interpret the secret about the Absolute ! No doubt they deserve [our] salutation.
ये चैव सात्त्विका भावा राजसास्तामसाश्च ये। मत्त एवेति तान्विद्धि न त्वहं तेषु ते मयि ॥
।।7.12 7.13।।ये चेति। त्रिभिरिति। सत्त्वादीनि मन्मयानि न त्वहं तन्मयः। अत एव च भगवन्मयः सर्वं भगवद्भावेन संवेदयते न तु नानाविधपदार्थविज्ञाननिष्ठो भगवत्तत्त्वं प्रतिपद्यते इति सकलमानसावर्जक एष क्रमः। अनेनैव चाशयेन वक्ष्यते वासुदेवः सर्वम् इति (K adds another इति) ज्ञानेन यो बहुजन्मोपभोगजनितकर्मसमतासमनन्तरसमुत्पन्नपरशक्तिपातानुगृहीतान्तःकरण असौ प्रतिपद्यते भगवत्तत्त्वं(S omits भगवत्तत्त्वम्) ननु (K omits ननु) सर्वं वासुदेवः इति बुद्ध्या स महात्मा स च दुर्लभ इति। एवं ह्यबुद्ध्यमानं ( N हि बुद्ध्यमानम्) प्रत्युत सत्त्वादिभिर्गुणैः मोहितमिदं जगत् गुणातीतं वासुदेवतत्त्वं नैवोपलभते।
7.12 See Comment under 7.13
त्रिभिर्गुणमयैर्भावैरेभिः सर्वमिदं जगत्। मोहितं नाभिजानाति मामेभ्यः परमव्ययम् ॥
।।7.12 7.13।।ये चेति। त्रिभिरिति। सत्त्वादीनि मन्मयानि न त्वहं तन्मयः। अत एव च भगवन्मयः सर्वं भगवद्भावेन संवेदयते न तु नानाविधपदार्थविज्ञाननिष्ठो भगवत्तत्त्वं प्रतिपद्यते इति सकलमानसावर्जक एष क्रमः। अनेनैव चाशयेन वक्ष्यते वासुदेवः सर्वम् इति (K adds another इति) ज्ञानेन यो बहुजन्मोपभोगजनितकर्मसमतासमनन्तरसमुत्पन्नपरशक्तिपातानुगृहीतान्तःकरण असौ प्रतिपद्यते भगवत्तत्त्वं(S omits भगवत्तत्त्वम्) ननु (K omits ननु) सर्वं वासुदेवः इति बुद्ध्या स महात्मा स च दुर्लभ इति। एवं ह्यबुद्ध्यमानं ( N हि बुद्ध्यमानम्) प्रत्युत सत्त्वादिभिर्गुणैः मोहितमिदं जगत् गुणातीतं वासुदेवतत्त्वंनैवोपलभते।
7.12-13 Ye ca etc. Tribhih etc. The [Strands] Sattva etc., are derived from Me, and not I from them. That is why he who has achieved his identity with the Bhagavat (the Absolute), properly realises all [objects] as being the Bhagavat [Himself]. On the other hand, the person who is established in the knowledge of objects of umpteen varieties does not understand the reality of the Bhagavat. This krama (traditional order) pleases the mind of all. With this idea only the Lord is going to declare presently 'Vasudeva is all'. There the meaning is this : He, whose internal organ is favoured by the descent of the Supreme Energy or grace (Sakti-pata) that arises after [teaching the stage of] eableness of effects of actions (karma-samata) that is brought about by the enjoyment [of effects] through many births; and who realises the reality of Bhagavat, with conviction 'verily all is Vasudeva' - that person is the great Soul and he is difficult to find. But, not knowing in this manner and, on the contrary, being duluded by the Strands, Sattva etc., this world, fails to perceive the reality of Vasudeva, transcending the Strands. [The Lord] declares why the persons established exclusively in the Sattva etc. (Strands), are not conscious of the real nature of the Bhagavat :
दैवी ह्येषा गुणमयी मम माया दुरत्यया। मामेव ये प्रपद्यन्ते मायामेतां तरन्ति ते ॥
।।7.14।।कथं खलु सत्त्वादिमात्रस्थिता भगवतस्तत्त्वं न विदुः इत्याह दैवीति। देवः क्रीडाकरः तत्र भवा दैवी क्रीडा ममेयमित्यर्थः। तेन सत्त्वादीनां वस्तुतः संविन्मात्रपरब्रह्मानतिरिक्ततायामपि यत् तदरिक्ततावगमनं ( N तदतिरिक्तभावगमनम्) तदेव गुणत्वं भोक्तृतत्त्वपारतन्त्र्यं भोग्यत्वम्। तच्च भेदात्मकं रूपं संसारिभिरनिर्वाच्यतया तान् प्रति मायारूपम्। अतो ये परमार्थब्रह्मप्रकाशविदः ते तदनतिरिक्तं विश्वं पश्यन्तो गुणाना सत्त्वादीनां गुणतालक्षणां भेदावभासस्वभावां मायाम् अतितरन्ति इति मामेव इत्येवकारस्याशयः। ये तु यथास्थित ( यथास्थितभेद ) भेदावभासमात्रं विदुः ते मायां नातिक्रामन्ति (S नातिवर्तन्ते) । तद्युक्तमुक्तम् न त्वहं तेषु इति।
7.14 Daivi etc. Deva means 'one who plays'. What is born of (or exists in) him is daivi 'play'. Hence, the meaning is : 'This is My play'. Due to this [play-trick], the [Strands] Sattva etc., even though they are not really different from the Supreme Brahman, the Pure Consciousness, manifest as different from That. This [differentiation] itself accounts for their secondary nature i.e., the nature of being an object of enjoyment i.e., being dependent on the existence of the enjoyer. This peculiarity of dual-nature is inexplicable for the persons of mundane life. Hence to them it is a trick-of-Illusion. Therefore, those who have realised the light of the Brahman, the Supreme Reality, and find the universe as not distinct from that [Brahman], they [alone] cross over the trick-off-Illusion which is of the nature of manifesting in duality and is in the form of the dependent status of the Strands, Sattva etc. This is the idea indicated by 'alone' in 'Me alone'. On the other hand those who would find just the manifestation of duality as they [appear to] exist - they do not across over the trick-of-Illusion. Thus it is rightly said 'I am not in them (in the beings of the Sattva etc.) etc.'
न मां दुष्कृतिनो मूढाः प्रपद्यन्ते नराधमाः। माययापहृतज्ञाना आसुरं भावमाश्रिताः ॥
।।7.15।।न मामिति। ये च मां सत्यपि ( S omits अपि) अधिकारिणि काये नाद्रियन्ते ते दुष्कृतिनः नराधमाः मूढाः आसुराः तामसाः इति मायामहिमैवायम्।
7.15 Na mam etc. Those who do not take refuge with attention in Me, even while their body remains fit for the purpose, they are evil-doers and the basest of men, deluded, demoniac, i.e. given to darkness (ignorance). Hence, this is only the power of the trick-of-illusion.
चतुर्विधा भजन्ते मां जनाः सुकृतिनोऽर्जुन। आर्तो जिज्ञासुरर्थार्थी ज्ञानी च भरतर्षभ ॥
।।7.16 7.19।।चतुर्विधा इत्यादि सुदुर्लभ इत्यन्तम्। ये तु मां भजन्ते ते सुकृतिनः। ते च चत्वारः। सर्वे चैते उदाराः। यतः अन्ये कृपणबुद्धयः आर्त्तिनिवारणम् अर्थादि च तुल्यपाणिपादोदरशरीरसत्त्वेभ्योऽधिकतरं वा आत्मन्यूनेभ्यो मार्गयन्ते। ज्ञान्यपेक्षया तु ते न्यूनसत्त्वाः यतः तेषां तावत्यपि भेदोऽस्ति भगवतः इदमहमभिलष्यामि इति भेदस्य स्फुटप्रतिभासात्। ज्ञानी तु मामेवाभेदतया अवलम्बते इति (S omits इति) ततोऽहमभिन्न एव। तस्य च अहमेव प्रियः न तु फलम्। अत एव स वासुदेव एव सर्वम् इत्येव (S वासुदेवः सर्वमेवम्) दृढप्रतिपत्तिपवित्रीकृतहृदयः।
7.16 See Comment under 7.19
तेषां ज्ञानी नित्ययुक्त एकभक्तिर्विशिष्यते। प्रियो हि ज्ञानिनोऽत्यर्थमहं स च मम प्रियः ॥
।।7.16 7.19।।चतुर्विधा इत्यादि सुदुर्लभ इत्यन्तम्। ये तु मां भजन्ते ते सुकृतिनः। ते च चत्वारः। सर्वे चैते उदाराः। यतः अन्ये कृपणबुद्धयः आर्त्तिनिवारणम् अर्थादि च तुल्यपाणिपादोदरशरीरसत्त्वेभ्योऽधिकतरं वा आत्मन्यूनेभ्यो मार्गयन्ते। ज्ञान्यपेक्षया तु ते न्यूनसत्त्वाः यतः तेषां तावत्यपि भेदोऽस्ति भगवतः इदमहमभिलष्यामि इति भेदस्य स्फुटप्रतिभासात्। ज्ञानी तु मामेवाभेदतया अवलम्बते इति (S omits इति) ततोऽहमभिन्न एव। तस्य च अहमेव प्रियः न तु फलम्। अत एव स वासुदेव एव सर्वम् इत्येव (S वासुदेवः सर्वमेवम्) दृढप्रतिपत्तिपवित्रीकृतहृदयः।
7.17 See Comment under 7.19
उदाराः सर्व एवैते ज्ञानी त्वात्मैव मे मतम्। आस्थितः स हि युक्तात्मा मामेवानुत्तमां गतिम् ॥
।।7.16 7.19।।चतुर्विधा इत्यादि सुदुर्लभ इत्यन्तम्। ये तु मां भजन्ते ते सुकृतिनः। ते च चत्वारः। सर्वे चैते उदाराः। यतः अन्ये कृपणबुद्धयः आर्त्तिनिवारणम् अर्थादि च तुल्यपाणिपादोदरशरीरसत्त्वेभ्योऽधिकतरं वा आत्मन्यूनेभ्यो मार्गयन्ते। ज्ञान्यपेक्षया तु ते न्यूनसत्त्वाः यतः तेषां तावत्यपि भेदोऽस्ति भगवतः इदमहमभिलष्यामि इति भेदस्य स्फुटप्रतिभासात्। ज्ञानी तु मामेवाभेदतया अवलम्बते इति (S omits इति) ततोऽहमभिन्न एव। तस्य च अहमेव प्रियः न तु फलम्। अत एव स वासुदेव एव सर्वम् इत्येव (S वासुदेवः सर्वमेवम्) दृढप्रतिपत्तिपवित्रीकृतहृदयः।
7.18 See Comment under 7.19
बहूनां जन्मनामन्ते ज्ञानवान्मां प्रपद्यते। वासुदेवः सर्वमिति स महात्मा सुदुर्लभः ॥
।।7.16 7.19।।चतुर्विधा इत्यादि सुदुर्लभ इत्यन्तम्। ये तु मां भजन्ते ते सुकृतिनः। ते च चत्वारः। सर्वे चैते उदाराः। यतः अन्ये कृपणबुद्धयः आर्त्तिनिवारणम् अर्थादि च तुल्यपाणिपादोदरशरीरसत्त्वेभ्योऽधिकतरं वा आत्मन्यूनेभ्यो मार्गयन्ते। ज्ञान्यपेक्षया तु ते न्यूनसत्त्वाः यतः तेषां तावत्यपि भेदोऽस्ति भगवतः इदमहमभिलष्यामि इति भेदस्य स्फुटप्रतिभासात्। ज्ञानी तु मामेवाभेदतया अवलम्बते इति (S omits इति) ततोऽहमभिन्न एव। तस्य च अहमेव प्रियः न तु फलम्। अत एव स वासुदेव एव सर्वम् इत्येव (S वासुदेवः सर्वमेवम्) दृढप्रतिपत्तिपवित्रीकृतहृदयः।
7.16-19 Caturvidhah etc., upto sudurlabhah. Those who worship Me are men of good action. They are of four types. All these are noble ones. For, other persons, mean-minded as they are, beg a cure of their affliction, and money etc., from persons who have hands, feet, stomach, body and intelligence (or bodily strength) that are eal to their (the beggers) own, or even from those who are very much inferior. But, by comparison with the man of wisdom, [the other three under estion] are of inferior intelligence. For, they entertain, at that sage too, a sense of duality. Becuase, a sense of duality 'I seek this from the Bhagavat' is clearly discernible in them. On the other hand, the man of wisdom hangs on Me alone with a sense of identity [of him with Me]. Hence, I am verily indentical with him. It is I alone, and not [any other] gain, that is dear to him. That is why he is having a mind purified by the firm conviction 'All is nothing but Vasudeva'.
कामैस्तैस्तैर्हृतज्ञानाः प्रपद्यन्तेऽन्यदेवताः। तं तं नियममास्थाय प्रकृत्या नियताः स्वया ॥
।।7.20 7.23।।कामैरित्यादि मामपीत्यन्तम्। ये पुनः स्वेन स्वेनोत्तमादिकामनास्वभावेन विचित्रेणपरिच्छिन्नमनसस्ते कामनापहृतचेतनाः (N चेतस)) तत्समुचितामेव ममैवावान्तरतनुं देवताविशेषमुपासते। अतो मत एव कामफलमुपाददते (S पासते)। किं तु तस्यान्तोऽस्ति निजयैव वासनया परिमितीकृतत्त्वात्। अत एवेन्द्रादिभावनातात्पर्येण यागादि कुर्वन्तस्तथाविधमेव फलमुपाददते। मत्प्राप्तिपरास्तु मामेव।
7.20 See Comment under 7.23
यो यो यां यां तनुं भक्तः श्रद्धयार्चितुमिच्छति। तस्य तस्याचलां श्रद्धां तामेव विदधाम्यहम् ॥
।।7.20 7.23।।कामैरित्यादि मामपीत्यन्तम्। ये पुनः स्वेन स्वेनोत्तमादिकामनास्वभावेन विचित्रेण परिच्छिन्नमनसस्ते कामनापहृतचेतनाः (N चेतस)) तत्समुचितामेव ममैवावान्तरतनुं देवताविशेषमुपासते। अतो मत एव कामफलमुपाददते (S पासते)। किं तु तस्यान्तोऽस्ति निजयैव वासनया परिमितीकृतत्त्वात्। अत एवेन्द्रादिभावनातात्पर्येण यागादि कुर्वन्तस्तथाविधमेव फलमुपाददते। मत्प्राप्तिपरास्तु मामेव।
7.21 See Comment under 7.23
स तया श्रद्धया युक्तस्तस्याराधनमीहते। लभते च ततः कामान्मयैव विहितान्हि तान् ॥
।।7.20 7.23।।कामैरित्यादि मामपीत्यन्तम्। ये पुनः स्वेन स्वेनोत्तमादिकामनास्वभावेन विचित्रेण परिच्छिन्नमनसस्ते कामनापहृतचेतनाः (N चेतस)) तत्समुचितामेव ममैवावान्तरतनुं देवताविशेषमुपासते। अतो मत एव कामफलमुपाददते (S पासते)। किं तु तस्यान्तोऽस्ति निजयैव वासनया परिमितीकृतत्त्वात्। अत एवेन्द्रादिभावनातात्पर्येण यागादि कुर्वन्तस्तथाविधमेव फलमुपाददते। मत्प्राप्तिपरास्तु मामेव।
7.22 See Comment under 7.23
अन्तवत्तु फलं तेषां तद्भवत्यल्पमेधसाम्। देवान्देवयजो यान्ति मद्भक्ता यान्ति मामपि ॥
।।7.20 7.23।।कामैरित्यादि मामपीत्यन्तम्। ये पुनः स्वेन स्वेनोत्तमादिकामनास्वभावेन विचित्रेण परिच्छिन्नमनसस्ते कामनापहृतचेतनाः (N चेतस)) तत्समुचितामेव ममैवावान्तरतनुं देवताविशेषमुपासते। अतो मत एव कामफलमुपाददते (S पासते)। किं तु तस्यान्तोऽस्ति निजयैव वासनया परिमितीकृतत्त्वात्। अत एवेन्द्रादिभावनातात्पर्येण यागादि कुर्वन्तस्तथाविधमेव फलमुपाददते। मत्प्राप्तिपरास्तु मामेव।
7.20-23 Kamaih etc. upto man api. On the other hand, those persons, whose minds are conditioned by a variety of their own respective desires for the best and so on (or the desires that may be classified as the best and so on) - they have thier thinking faculty carried away by their desires, and worship a particular deity who possesses nothing but My intermediate body that suits only to those devotees' desires. Hence, they obtain their desired result from Me alone. But, that result has an end of its own, because it is limited by the mental impressions of their own. Therefore those who perform sacrifice etc., with the aim of becming Indra etc., (or of attaining the houses of Indra etc.) gain their desired fruit accordingly. On the other hand, those whose chief aim is to attain Me, they gain Me alone. But, while the Absolute-being is immanent in all, how is it that the fruit achieved by the worshippers of other deities is limited ? The answer is given as :
अव्यक्तं व्यक्तिमापन्नं मन्यन्ते मामबुद्धयः। परं भावमजानन्तो ममाव्ययमनुत्तमम् ॥
।।7.24।।ननु सर्वगते भगवत्तत्त्वे किमिति देवतान्तरोपासकानां मितं फलम् उच्यते अव्यक्तमिति। ते खलु अल्पबुद्धित्त्वात् मत्स्वरूपं पारमार्थिकम् अविद्यमानव्यक्तिकं न प्रत्यभिजानीते। अपि तु निजकामनासमुचिताकारविशिष्टज्ञानस्वभावं (N स्वभावां) व्यक्तिमेवापन्नं विदन्ति नान्यथा। अत एव न नाम्नि आकारे वा कश्चिद्ग्रहः। किंतु सिद्धान्तोऽयमत्र यः कामनापरिहारेण यत्किञ्चिद्देवतारूपमालम्बते तस्य तत् शुद्धमुक्तभावेन (S मुक्तभावे) पर्यवस्यति। विपर्ययात्तु विपर्ययः (SN add इति) ।
7.24 Avyaktam etc. Becuase of their poor intellect, these [worshippers of other deities] do not at all recognise the unmanifest and ultimately true nature of Mine. On the contrary, they conceive Me merely as one, possessing only a manifest form with a particular knowledge and a particular innage nature, all suitable to their own desires. [They think] not otherwise. That is why, no name or form [of a deity] is insisted upon [by the Lord]. However, this is the established view [of the teachers of the school] in this regard : If a person holds fast to a specific form of a deity in order to get rid of desires, that [itself] results in his becoming pure and emancipated. If the case is reversed, [the result] would be a contrary one.
नाहं प्रकाशः सर्वस्य योगमायासमावृतः। मूढोऽयं नाभिजानाति लोको मामजमव्ययम् ॥
।।7.25 7.26।।नाहमिति। वेदाहमिति। सर्वेषां नाहं गोचरतां प्राप्नोमि।
7.25 See Comment under 7.26
वेदाहं समतीतानि वर्तमानानि चार्जुन। भविष्याणि च भूतानि मां तु वेद न कश्चन ॥
।।7.25 7.26।।नाहमिति। वेदाहमिति। सर्वेषां नाहं गोचरतां प्राप्नोमि।
7.25-26 Naham etc. Vadaham etc. I am not perceivable to all. But the actions themselves, if performed, would beget emancipation at the time of dissolution [of the world]. otherwise, how does the total dissolution come to be there ? When this doubt arises, [the Bhagavat] commences [to answer] as :
इच्छाद्वेषसमुत्थेन द्वन्द्वमोहेन भारत। सर्वभूतानि सम्मोहं सर्गे यान्ति परन्तप ॥
।।7.27।।ननु च कर्माण्येव क्रियमाणानि प्रलयकाले मोक्षं विदधते (S विदधति N प्रविदधति) । अन्यथा किमिति महाप्रलय उपजायते इत्याशङ्कायामारभते ( मारभ्यते N मिदमारभ्यते) ।इच्छेति। इच्छाद्वेषक्रोधमोहादिभिस्तावन्मोहात्मक एव स परं स्फीतीभावमुपनीयते येन प्रकृतिजठरान्तर्वर्ति समग्रमेव जगत् निजकार्यकरणमात्राक्षममेव प्रसुप्ततामवलम्बते आमोहं वासनानुभवात् प्रतिदिनं रात्रिसमये सौषुप्तवत्। न तु तावता विमुक्तरूपता मोहानुभुवसमाप्तौ पुनर्विचित्रव्यापारसंसारदर्शनात्।
7.27 Iccha-etc. [At the time of destruction] he (the personal Soul) is led to expand exceedingly, while he still remains unconcious on account of his desire, aversion, agner, dellusion etc. On account of this, the entire world takes recourse to the sleeping stage while it continues to exist in its entirity within the stomach of the Prakrti (the Prime Casue); and to exist just being (temporarily) not capable of performing its activities. For, as long as there is delusion, the mental impressions are to be experienced, as in the case of the sleeping stage in the night time every day. But on that account no emancipation is gained. For, when the experience of loss of unconsciousness is over (i.e., when consciousness is regained), again the mundane life with its varieties of activites is found.
येषां त्वन्तगतं पापं जनानां पुण्यकर्मणाम्। ते द्वन्द्वमोहनिर्मुक्ता भजन्ते मां दृढव्रताः ॥
।।7.28 7.30।।येषामित्यादि युक्तचेतस इत्यन्तम्। ये तु विनष्टतामसाः पुण्यापुण्यपरिक्षयक्षेमीकृतात्मानः ते विपाटितमहामोहवितानाः सर्वमेव भगवद्रश्मिखचितं जरामरणमयतमिस्रस्रुतं ब्रह्म विदन्ति आध्यात्मिकाधिभौतिकाधिदैविकाधियाज्ञिकानि च ममैव रूपान्तराणि। प्रयाणकाले च नित्यं भगवद् भावितान्तःकरणत्वात् मां जानन्ति यतो येषां जन्म पूर्वमेव भगवत्तत्त्वं ते अन्तकाले परमेश्वरं संस्मरेयुः। किं जन्मासेवनया इति ये मन्यन्ते तेषां तूष्णींभाव एव शोभनः इति।
7.28 See Comment under 7.30
जरामरणमोक्षाय मामाश्रित्य यतन्ति ये। ते ब्रह्म तद्विदुः कृत्स्नमध्यात्मं कर्म चाखिलम् ॥
।।7.28 7.30।।येषामित्यादि युक्तचेतस इत्यन्तम्। ये तु विनष्टतामसाः पुण्यापुण्यपरिक्षयक्षेमीकृतात्मानः ते विपाटितमहामोहवितानाः सर्वमेव भगवद्रश्मिखचितं जरामरणमयतमिस्रस्रुतं ब्रह्म विदन्ति आध्यात्मिकाधिभौतिकाधिदैविकाधियाज्ञिकानि च ममैव रूपान्तराणि। प्रयाणकाले च नित्यं भगवद् भावितान्तःकरणत्वात् मां जानन्ति यतो येषां जन्म पूर्वमेव भगवत्तत्त्वं ते अन्तकाले परमेश्वरं संस्मरेयुः। किं जन्मासेवनया इति ये मन्यन्ते तेषां तूष्णींभाव एव शोभनः इति।
7.29 See Comment under 7.30
साधिभूताधिदैवं मां साधियज्ञं च ये विदुः। प्रयाणकालेऽपि च मां ते विदुर्युक्तचेतसः ॥
।।7.28 7.30।।येषामित्यादि युक्तचेतस इत्यन्तम्। ये तु विनष्टतामसाः पुण्यापुण्यपरिक्षयक्षेमीकृतात्मानः ते विपाटितमहामोहवितानाः सर्वमेव भगवद्रश्मिखचितं जरामरणमयतमिस्रस्रुतं ब्रह्म विदन्ति आध्यात्मिकाधिभौतिकाधिदैविकाधियाज्ञिकानि च ममैव रूपान्तराणि। प्रयाणकाले च नित्यं भगवद् भावितान्तःकरणत्वात् मां जानन्ति यतो येषां जन्म पूर्वमेव भगवत्तत्त्वं ते अन्तकाले परमेश्वरं संस्मरेयुः। किं जन्मासेवनया इति ये मन्यन्ते तेषां तूष्णींभाव एव शोभनः इति।
7.30 Yesam etc. upto yukta-cetasah. Those, in whom the darkness (ignorance) has totally vanished, and the Self is well secured due to the decaying of the good and bad effects of actions-they break off the canopy of their [castle of the] mighty delusion and realise everything as the Brahman studded (purified) with the rays of the Bhagavat, emerging out of the darkness of old age and death; and realise 'what governs the Self, the beings, the deities and the sacrifices are all My own different aspects'. They also experience Me at the time of their journey, on account of their having internal organ permanently immersed in the thought of the Bhagavat. For, those who remember the Bhagavat even earlier, since their birth-they at the last momnet would very well remember the Absolute Lord. [Hence] it is good to simply keep silent with regard to those who opine 'What is the use of worshiping since [the time of] birth ?'