Dhyāna Yoga

6.20

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Sanskrit · Devanagari

यत्रोपरमते चित्तं निरुद्धं योगसेवया। यत्र चैवात्मनात्मानं पश्यन्नात्मनि तुष्यति ॥

Sanskrit · IAST

yatroparamate cittaṃ niruddhaṃ yogasevayā yatra caivātmanātmānaṃ paśyannātmani tuṣyati

English translation

Kashinath Trimbak Telang, 1882
in which the mind restrained by practice of abstraction ceases to work in which too, one seeing the self by the self, is pleased in the self

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Interpretations

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All 30 available readings are aligned to this verse. Translations appear first, followed by commentaries; each keeps its author and source trail.

Translation · English

A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada

In the stage of perfection called trance, or samādhi, one's mind is completely restrained from material mental activities by practice of yoga. This perfection is characterized by one's ability to see the self by the pure mind and to relish and rejoice in the self.

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Translation · English

Abhinavagupta

6.20 See Comment under 6.23

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Translation · English

Dr. S. S. Sankaranarayan

6.20. Where the mind, well-restrained through Yoga-practice, remains iet; again where, observing, by the self, nothing but the Self, he (Yogi) is satisfied in the Self;

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Translation · English

Rāmānuja

6.20 - 6.23 Where, through the practice of Yoga, the mind, which is subdued everywhere by such practice, 'rejoices', i.e., rejoices in surpassing felicity; and where, perceiving through Yoga 'the self (Atman)' by 'the mind (Atman)' one is delighted by the self and indifferent to all other objects; and where, through Yoga, one 'knows', i.e., experiences that infinite happiness which can be grasped only by the 'intellect' contemplating on the self, but is beyond the grasp of the senses; where, remaining in that Yoga, one does not 'swerve from that state,' because of the overwhelming happiness that state confers; having gained which, he desires for it alone, even when he is awakened from Yoga, and does not hold anything else as a gain; where one is not moved even by 'the heaviest sorrow' caused by any berevaement like that of a virtuous son - let him know that disunion from all union with pain, i.e., which forms the opposite of union with pain, is called by the term Yoga. This Yoga must be practised with the determination of its nature as such from the beginning with a mind free from despondency, i.e., with zestful exaltation.

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Translation · English

Śaṅkarācārya

6.20 Yatra, at the time when; cittam, the mind; niruddham, restrained, entirely prevented from wandering; uparamate, gets withdrawn; yoga-sevaya, through the practice of Yoga; ca, and; yatra eva, just when, at the very moment when; pasyan, by seeing, by experiencing; atmanam, the Self, which by nature is the supreme light of Consciousness; atmana, by the self, by the mind purified by concentration; tusyati, one remains contented, gets delighted; atmani eva, in one's own Self alone-. [Samadhi is of two kinds, Samprajnata and Asamprajnata. The concentration called right knowledge (Samprajnata) is that which is followed by reasoning, discrimination, blisss and unqualified egoism. Asamprajnata is that which is attained by the constant practice of cessation of all mental activity, in which the citta retains only the unmanifested impressions.-Cf. C. W., Vol. I, 1962, pp. 210, 212. According to A.G. the verses upto 6.20 state in a general way the characteristics of samadhi. From the present verse to the 25th, Asamprajnata-samadhi is introduced and defined.-Tr.] Besides,

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Translation · English

Shri Purohit Swami

6.20 There, where the whole nature is seen in the light of the Self, where the man abides within his Self and is satisfied there, its functions restrained by its union with the Divine, the mind finds rest.

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Translation · English

Sir Edwin Arnold

When mind broods placid, soothed with holy wont; When Self contemplates self, and in itself Hath comfort;

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Translation · English

Swami Adidevananda

6.20 Where the mind, controlled by the practice of Yoga, rests and where seeing the self by the self one is delighted by the self only;

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Translation · English

Swami Gambirananda

6.20 At the time when the mind restrained through the practice of Yoga gets withdrawn, and just when by seeing the Self by the self one remains contented in the Self alone [A.G. construes the word eva (certainly) with tusyati (remains contented).-Tr.];

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Translation · English

Swami Sivananda

6.20 When the mind, restrained by the practice of Yoga attains to quietude and when seeing the Self by the self, he is satisfied in his own Self.

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Translation · Hindi

Śaṅkarācārya

।।6.20।।इस प्रकार योगाभ्यासके बलसे वायुरहित स्थानमें रखे हुए दीपककी भाँति एकाग्र किया हुआ योगसाधनसे निरुद्ध किया हुआ सब ओरसे चञ्चलतारहित किया हुआ चित्त जिस समय उपरत होता है उपरतिको प्राप्त होता है। तथा जिस कालमें समाधिद्वारा अति निर्मल ( स्वच्छ ) हुए अन्तःकरणसे परम चैतन्य ज्योतिःस्वरूप आत्माका साक्षात् करता हुआ वह अपने आपमें ही संतुष्ट हो जाता है तृप्ति लाभ कर लेता है।

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Translation · Hindi

Swami Ramsukhdas

।।6.20।। योगका सेवन करनेसे जिस अवस्थामें निरुद्ध चित्त उपराम हो जाता है तथा जिस अवस्थामें स्वयं अपने-आप से अपने-आपको देखता हुआ अपने-आपमें ही सन्तुष्ट हो जाता है।

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Translation · Hindi

Swami Tejomayananda

।।6.20।। योगका सेवन करनेसे जिस अवस्थामें निरुध्द चित्त उपराम हो जाता है तथा जिस अवस्थामें स्वयं अपने-आपमें अपने-आपको देखता हुआ अपने-आपमें सन्तुष्ट हो जाता है।।

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Commentary · English

A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada

By practice of yoga one becomes gradually detached from material concepts. This is the primary characteristic of the yoga principle. And after this, one becomes situated in trance, or samādhi, which means that the yogī realizes the Supersoul through transcendental mind and intelligence, without any of the misgivings of identifying the self with the Superself. Yoga practice is more or less based on the principles of the Patañjali system. Some unauthorized commentators try to identify the individual soul with the Supersoul, and the monists think this to be liberation, but they do not understand the real purpose of the Patañjali system of yoga. There is an acceptance of transcendental pleasure in the Patañjali system, but the monists do not accept this transcendental pleasure, out of fear of jeopardizing the theory of oneness. The duality of knowledge and knower is not accepted by the nondualist, but in this verse transcendental pleasure – realized through transcendental senses – is accepted. And this is corroborated by Patañjali Muni, the famous exponent of the yoga system. The great sage declares in his Yoga-sūtras (4.33): puruṣārtha-śūnyānāṁ guṇānāṁ pratiprasavaḥ kaivalyaṁ svarūpa-pratiṣṭhā vā citi-śaktir iti. This citi-śakti, or internal potency, is transcendental. Puruṣārtha means material religiosity, economic development, sense gratification and, at the end, the attempt to become one with the Supreme. This “oneness with the Supreme” is called kaivalyam by the monist. But according to Patañjali, this kaivalyam is an internal, or transcendental, potency by which the living entity becomes aware of his constitutional position. In the words of Lord Caitanya, this state of affairs is called ceto-darpaṇa-mārjanam, or clearance of the impure mirror of the mind. This “clearance” is actually liberation, or bhava-mahā-dāvāgni-nirvāpaṇam. The theory of nirvāṇa – also preliminary – corresponds with this principle. In the Bhāgavatam (2.10.6) this is called svarūpeṇa vyavasthitiḥ. The Bhagavad-gītā also confirms this situation in this verse. After nirvāṇa, or material cessation, there is the manifestation of spiritual activities, or devotional service to the Lord, known as Kṛṣṇa consciousness. In the words of the Bhāgavatam , svarūpeṇa vyavasthitiḥ: this is the “real life of the living entity.” Māyā, or illusion, is the condition of spiritual life contaminated by material infection. Liberation from this material infection does not mean destruction of the original eternal position of the living entity. Patañjali also accepts this by his words kaivalyaṁ svarūpa-pratiṣṭhā vā citi-śaktir iti. This citi-śakti, or transcendental pleasure, is real life. This is confirmed in the Vedānta-sūtra (1.1.12) as ānanda-mayo ’bhyāsāt. This natural transcendental pleasure is the ultimate goal of yoga and is easily achieved by execution of devotional service, or bhakti-yoga. Bhakti-yoga will be vividly described in the Seventh Chapter of Bhagavad-gītā . In the yoga system, as described in this chapter, there are two kinds of samādhi, called samprajñāta-samādhi and asamprajñāta-samādhi. When one becomes situated in the transcendental position by various philosophical researches, he is said to have achieved samprajñāta-samādhi. In the asamprajñāta-samādhi there is no longer any connection with mundane pleasure, for one is then transcendental to all sorts of happiness derived from the senses. When the yogī is once situated in that transcendental position, he is never shaken from it. Unless the yogī is able to reach this position, he is unsuccessful. Today’s so-called yoga practice, which involves various sense pleasures, is contradictory. A yogī indulging in sex and intoxication is a mockery. Even those yogīs who are attracted by the siddhis (perfections) in the process of yoga are not perfectly situated. If yogīs are attracted by the by-products of yoga, then they cannot attain the stage of perfection, as is stated in this verse. Persons, therefore, indulging in the make-show practice of gymnastic feats or siddhis should know that the aim of yoga is lost in that way. The best practice of yoga in this age is Kṛṣṇa consciousness, which is not baffling. A Kṛṣṇa conscious person is so happy in his occupation that he does not aspire after any other happiness. There are many impediments, especially in this age of hypocrisy, to practicing haṭha-yoga, dhyāna-yoga and jñāna-yoga, but there is no such problem in executing karma-yoga or bhakti-yoga. As long as the material body exists, one has to meet the demands of the body, namely eating, sleeping, defending and mating. But a person who is in pure bhakti-yoga, or in Kṛṣṇa consciousness, does not arouse the senses while meeting the demands of the body. Rather, he accepts the bare necessities of life, making the best use of a bad bargain, and enjoys transcendental happiness in Kṛṣṇa consciousness. He is callous toward incidental occurrences – such as accidents, disease, scarcity and even the death of a most dear relative – but he is always alert to execute his duties in Kṛṣṇa consciousness, or bhakti-yoga. Accidents never deviate him from his duty. As stated in the Bhagavad-gītā (2.14) , āgamāpāyino ’nityās tāṁs titikṣasva bhārata. He endures all such incidental occurrences because he knows that they come and go and do not affect his duties. In this way he achieves the highest perfection in yoga practice.

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Commentary · English

Swami Sivananda

6.20 यत्र where? उपरमते attains ietude? चित्तम् mind? निरुद्धम् restrained? योगसेवया by the practice of Yoga? यत्र where? च and? एव only? आत्मना by the Self? आत्मानम् the Self? पश्यन् seeing? आत्मनि in the Self? तुष्यति is satisfied.Commentary The verses 20? 21? 22 and 23 must be taken together.When the mind is completely withdrawn from the objects of the senses? supreme peace reigns within the heart. When the mind becomes ite steady by constant and protracted practice of concentration the Yogi beholds the Supreme Self by the mind which is rendered pure and onepointed and attains to supreme satisfaction in the Self within.

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Commentary · Hindi

Swami Ramsukhdas

।।6.20।। व्याख्या--'यत्रोपरमते चित्तं ৷৷. पश्यन्नात्मनि तुष्यति'--ध्यानयोगमें पहले 'मनको केवल स्वरूपमें ही लगाना है' यह धारणा होती है। ऐसी धारणा होनेके बाद स्वरूपके सिवाय दूसरी कोई वृत्ति पैदा हो भी जाय, तो उसकी उपेक्षा करके उसे हटा देने और चित्तको केवल स्वरूपमें ही लगानेसे जब मनका प्रवाह केवल स्वरूपमें ही लग जाता है, तब उसको ध्यान कहते हैं। ध्यानके समय ध्याता, ध्यान और ध्येय--यह त्रिपुटी रहती है अर्थात् साधक ध्यानके समय अपनेको ध्याता (ध्यान करनेवाला) मानता है, स्वरूपमें तद्रूप होनेवाली वृत्तिको ध्यान मानता है और साध्यरूप स्वरूपको ध्येय मानता है। तात्पर्य है कि जबतक इन तीनोंका अलग-अलग ज्ञान रहता है, तबतक वह 'ध्यान' कहलाता है। ध्यानमें ध्येयकी मुख्यता होनेके कारण साधक पहले अपनेमें ध्यातापना भूल जाता है। फिर ध्यानकी वृत्ति भी भूल जाता है। अन्तमें केवल ध्येय ही जाग्रत् रहता है। इसको 'समाधि' कहते हैं। यह 'संप्रज्ञातसमाधि' है जो चित्तकी एकाग्र अवस्थामें होती है। इस समाधिके दीर्घकालके अभ्याससे फिर 'असंप्रज्ञात-समाधि' होती है। इन दोनों समाधियोंमें भेद यह है कि जबतक ध्येय, ध्येयका नाम और नाम-नामीका सम्बन्ध--ये तीनों चीजें रहती हैं, तबतक वह 'संप्रज्ञात-समाधि' होती है। इसीको चित्तकी 'एकाग्र' अवस्था कहते हैं। परन्तु जब नामकी स्मृति न रहकर केवल नामी (ध्येय) रह जाता है, तब वह 'असंप्रज्ञात-समाधि' होती है। इसीको चित्तकी 'निरुद्ध' अवस्था कहते हैं।निरुद्ध अवस्थाकी समाधि दो तरहकी होती है--सबीज और निर्बीज। जिसमें संसारकी सूक्ष्म वासना रहती है, वह 'सबीज समाधि' कहलाती है। सूक्ष्म वासनाके कारण सबीज समाधिमें सिद्धियाँ प्रकट हो जाती हैं। ये सिद्धियाँ सांसारिक दृष्टिसे तो ऐश्वर्य हैं, पर पारमार्थिक दृष्टिसे (चेतन-तत्त्वकी प्राप्तिमें) विघ्न हैं। ध्यानयोगी जब इन सिद्धियोंको निस्तत्त्व समझकर इनसे उपराम हो जाता है, तब उसकी 'निर्बीज समाधि' होती है, जिसका यहाँ (इस श्लोकमें) 'निरुद्धम्' पदसे संकेत किया गया है।ध्यानमें संसारके सम्बन्धसे विमुख होनेपर एक शान्ति, एक सुख मिलता है, जो कि संसारका सम्बन्ध रहनेपर कभी नहीं मिलता। संप्रज्ञात-समाधिमें उससे भी विलक्षण सुखका अनुभव होता है। इस संप्रज्ञात-समाधिसे भी असंप्रज्ञात-समाधिमें विलक्षण सुख होता है। जब साधक निर्बीज समाधिमें पहुँचता है, तब उसमें बहुत ही विलक्षण सुख, आनन्द होता है। योगका अभ्यास करते-करते चित्त निरुद्ध-अवस्था--निर्बीज समाधिसे भी उपराम हो जाता है अर्थात् योगी उस निर्बीज समाधिका भी सुख नहीं लेता, उसके सुखका भोक्ता नहीं बनता। उस समय वह अपने स्वरूपमें अपने-आपका अनुभव करता हुआ अपने-आपमें सन्तुष्ट होता है।'उपरमते' पदका तात्पर्य है कि चित्तका संसारसे तो प्रयोजन रहा नहीं और स्वरूपको पकड़ सकता नहीं। कारण कि चित्त प्रकृतिका कार्य होनेसे जड है और स्वरूप चेतन है। जड चित्त स्वरूपको कैसे पकड़ सकता है? नहीं पकड़ सकता। इसलिये वह उपराम हो जाता है। चित्तके उपराम होनेपर योगीका चित्तसे सर्वथा सम्बन्ध-विच्छेद हो जाता है।'तुष्यति' कहनेका तात्पर्य है कि उसके सन्तोषका दूसरा कोई किञ्चिन्मात्र भी कारण नहीं रहता। केवल अपना स्वरूप ही उसके सन्तोषका कारण रहता है।इस श्लोकका सार यह है कि अपने द्वारा अपनेमें ही अपने स्वरूपकी अनुभूति होती है। वह तत्त्व अपने भीतर ज्यों-का-त्यों है। केवल संसारसे अपना सम्बन्ध माननेके कारण चित्तकी वृत्तियाँ संसारमें लगती हैं, जिससे उस तत्त्वकी अनुभूति नहीं होती। जब ध्यानयोगके द्वारा चित्त संसारसे उपराम हो जाता है तब योगीका चित्तसे तथा संसारसे सर्वथा सम्बन्ध-विच्छेद हो जाता है। संसारसे सर्वथा सम्बन्ध-विच्छेद होते ही उसको अपने-आपमें ही अपने स्वरूपकी अनुभूति हो जाती है।विशेष बात जिस तत्त्वकी प्राप्ति ध्यानयोगसे होती है, उसी तत्त्वकी प्राप्ति कर्मयोगसे होती है। परन्तु इन दोनों साधनोंमें थोड़ा अन्तर है। ध्यानयोगमें जब साधकका चित्त समाधिके सुखसे भी उपराम हो जाता है, तब वह अपने-आपसे अपने-आपमें सन्तुष्ट हो जाता है। कर्मयोगमें जब साधक मनोगत सम्पूर्ण कामनाओंका सर्वथा त्याग कर देता है, तब वह अपने-आपसे अपने-आपमें सन्तुष्ट होता है (गीता 2। 55)।ध्यानयोगमें अपने स्वरूपमें मन लगनेसे जब मन स्वरूपमें तदाकार हो जाता है, तब समाधि लगती है। उस समाधिसे भी जब मन उपराम हो जाता है, तब योगीका चित्तसे सम्बन्ध-विच्छेद हो जाता है और वह अपने-आपमें सन्तुष्ट हो जाता है।कर्मयोगमें मन, बुद्धि, इन्द्रियाँ, शरीर आदि पदार्थोंका और सम्पूर्ण क्रियाओँका प्रवाह केवल दूसरोंके हितकी तरफ हो जाता है, तब मनोगत सम्पूर्ण कामनाएँ छूट जाती हैं। कामनाओंका त्याग होते ही मनसे सम्बन्ध-विच्छेद हो जाता है और वह अपने-आपमें सन्तुष्ट हो जाता है। सम्बन्ध--पूर्वश्लोकमें कहा गया कि ध्यानयोगी अपने-आपसे अपने-आपमें ही सन्तोषका अनुभव करता है। अब उसके बाद क्या होता है--इसको आगेके श्लोकमें बताते हैं।

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 3e5bd239cc33…

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Abhinavagupta

।।6.20 6.23।।इदानीं तस्य स्वस्वभावस्य ब्रह्मणो बहुतरविशेषणद्वारेण स्वरूपं निरूप्यते यः तीर्थान्तरकल्पितेभ्यश्च रूपेभ्यो व्यतिरेकः यत्रेत्यादि अनिर्विण्णचेतसा इत्यन्तम्। यत्र मनो निरुद्धम् उपरमते स्वयमेव। आत्यन्तिकं विषयकृतकालुष्याभावात् सुखं यत्र वेत्ति। अपरो लाभो धनदारपुत्रादीनां संनियोगलब्धश्च योगः अन्यत्र सुखधीर्निवर्तते च इति वस्तुस्वभावोऽयमित्यर्थः। न विचाल्यते विशेषेण न चाल्यते अपि तु संस्कारमात्रेणैवास्यप्रथमक्षणमात्रमेव चलनं कारुण्यादिवशात् न तु मूढतया विनष्टो बताहम्। किं मया प्रतिपत्तव्यम् इत्यादि। दुःखसंयोगस्य वियोगो यतः स च निश्चयेन आस्तिकताजनितया श्रद्धया सर्वथा योक्तव्यः अभ्यसनीयः। अनिर्विण्णम् उपेयप्राप्तौ दृढतरं संसारं दुःखबहुलम् प्रति निर्विण्णं वा (S N omit वा) चेतो यस्य।

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 3f46d009f605…

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Ānandagiri

।।6.20।।द्विविधः समाधिः संप्रज्ञातोऽसंप्रज्ञातश्च ध्येयैकाकारसत्त्ववृत्तिर्भेदेन कथंचिज्ज्ञायमाना संप्रज्ञातः समाधिः कथमपि पृथगज्ञायमाना सैव सत्त्ववृत्तिरसंप्रज्ञातः समाधिः तत्र सामान्येन समाधिलक्षणमभिधायासंप्रज्ञातस्य समाधेरधुना लक्षणं विवक्षन्नाह एवमिति। काले समाध्युपलक्षिते। एवकारस्तुष्यतीत्यनेन संबध्यते। चकारस्य संबन्धमाह यस्मिंश्चेति। कालस्तु पूर्ववत्। कर्मकारकत्वेन निर्दिष्टमात्मानं तत्पदार्थत्वेन व्याचष्टे परमिति। आत्मनीत्यस्य त्वंपदार्थविषयत्वमाह स्व एवेति। परमात्मानं प्रतीच्येव तद्भावेनापरोक्षीकुर्वन्नतुष्टिहेत्वभावात्तुष्यत्येवेत्यर्थः। तस्मिन्काले योगसिद्धिर्भवतीति शेषः।

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 c2b07f2abf4c…

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Dhanapati

।।6.20।।द्विविधः समाधिः संप्रज्ञातोऽसंप्रज्ञातश्चेति। तत्र ध्येयैकाकारसत्त्ववृत्तिर्भेदेन कथंचिज्ज्ञायमाना आद्यः। कथमपि पृथगज्ञायमाना सैव सत्त्ववृत्तिर्द्वितीयः। तत्राद्यं प्रदर्श्य इदानीं द्वितीयस्य लक्षणं विवक्षन्नाह यत्रेति। निरुद्धं सर्वतो निवारितप्रचारं यत्र चैव यस्मिंश्च काले आत्मना समाधिपरिशुद्धेनान्तःकरणेनात्मानं परं तत्पदार्थ ज्योतिःस्वरुपं पश्यन्नुपलभमाः त्वंपदार्थ आत्मन्येव तुष्यति परमात्मानं प्रत्यक्चैतन्यएव तद्भावेनापरोक्षीकुर्वन् अतुष्टिनिदानाभावात्तुष्टिं लभत एवेत्यर्थः।

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 ef654f56ea3a…

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Jayatīrtha

।।6.20।।यत्र चैवात्मना इत्यत्र पदत्रयं व्याख्याति आत्मनेति। अन्वयापेक्षया व्युत्क्रमः। पश्यन्निति स्थानविवेकार्थमुक्तम्।

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 05aa3f261583…

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Madhusūdana Sarasvatī

।।6.20।।एवं सामान्येन समाधिमुक्त्वा निरोधसमाधिं विस्तरेण विवरीतुमारभते यत्र यस्मिन्परिणामविशेषे योगसेवया योगाभ्यासपाटवेन जाते सति चित्तं निरुद्धमेकविषयकवृत्तिप्रवाहरूपामेकाग्रतां त्यक्त्वा निरिन्धनाग्निवदुपशाम्यन्निर्वृत्तिकतया सर्ववृत्तिनिरोधरूपेण परिणतं भवति यत्र यस्मिंश्च परिणामे सति आत्मना रजस्तमोऽनभिभूतशुद्धसत्त्वमात्रेणान्तःकरणेनात्मानं प्रत्यक्चैतन्यं परमात्माभिन्नं सच्चिदानन्दघनमनन्तद्वितीयं पश्यन् वेदान्तप्रमाणजया वृत्त्या साक्षात्कुर्वन्नात्मन्येव परमानन्दघने तुष्यति न देहेन्द्रियसंघाते न वा तद्भोग्येऽन्यत्र। परमात्मदर्शने सत्यतुष्टिहेत्वभावात्तुष्यत्येवेति वा। तमन्तःकरणपरिणामं सर्वचित्तवृत्तिनिरोधरूपं योगं विद्यादिति परेणान्वयः। यत्र काल इति तु व्याख्यानमसाधु तच्छब्दानन्वयात्।

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 6d93dc701508…

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Madhvācārya

।।6.20।।आत्मना मनसा आत्मनि देहे आत्मानं भगवन्तं पश्यन्।

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 3f7231d69edd…

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Nīlakaṇṭha

।।6.20।।यत्रेति। एवं चित्तमेकाग्रीभूतं सत् योगसेवया निरुद्धं यत्र यस्यामवस्थायामुपरमते विलीनं भवति यत्र वा आत्मना चित्तेनात्मानं निर्विकल्पं पश्यन्नात्मनि तुष्यति न बाह्यार्थे तुष्टिं भजते।

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 2e4ca5203902…

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Puruṣottamajī

।।6.20।।यस्मिन् योगे मनश्चञ्चलं न भवति स कीदृशो योगः इत्यपेक्षायामाह यत्रेति सार्धैस्त्रिभिः। यत्र यस्यामवस्थायां योगसेवया भावात्मकसंयोगरूपभगवत्सेवया स्वभोगादिभ्यो निरुद्धं चित्तमुपरमते संयोगावस्थाभावरूपसमीपे रमते। यत्र चावस्थाविशेषे विविधभावस्फूर्तावात्मना भावरूपेणाऽऽत्मानं भावरूपं पश्यन् आत्मन्येव भावरूप एव तुष्यतितं योगसंज्ञितं विद्यात् इति तुर्ये 23 श्लोकत्रयस्याऽन्वयः।

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 922deec4db65…

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Rāmānuja

।।6.20।।योगसेवया हेतुना सर्वत्र निरुद्धं चित्तं यत्र योगे उपरमते अतिशयितसुखम् इदम् एव इति रमते यत्र च योगे आत्मना मनसा आत्मानं पश्यन् अन्यनिरपेक्षम् आत्मनि एव तुष्यति।

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 3ae306737a2a…

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Śaṅkarācārya

।।6.20।। यत्र यस्मिन् काले उपरमते चित्तम् उपरतिं गच्छति निरुद्धं सर्वतो निवारितप्रचारं योगसेवया योगानुष्ठानेन यत्र चैव यस्मिंश्च काले आत्मना समाधिपरिशुद्धेन अन्तःकरणेन आत्मानं परं चैतन्यं ज्योतिःस्वरूपं पश्यन् उपलभमानः स्वे एव आत्मनि तुष्यति तुष्टिं भजते।।किञ्च

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 abdb53b0279b…

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Śrīdhara Svāmin

।।6.20।।यं संन्यासमिति प्राहुर्योगं तं विद्धि पाण्डवेत्यादौ कर्मैव योगशब्देनोक्तं नात्यश्नतस्तु योगोस्तीत्यादौ तु समाधिर्योगशब्देनोक्तः। तत्र मुख्यो योगः क इत्यपेक्षायां समाधिमेव स्वरूपतः फलतश्च लक्षयन्स एव मुख्यो योग इत्याह यत्रेति सार्धैस्त्रिभिः। यत्र यस्मिन्नवस्थाविशेषे योगाभ्यासेन निरुद्धं चित्तमुपरतं भवतीति योगस्य स्वरूपलक्षणमुक्तम्। तथाच पातञ्जलं सूत्रम्योगश्चित्तवृत्तिनिरोधः इति। इष्टप्राप्तिलक्षणेन फलेन तमेव लक्षयति। यत्र च यस्मिन्नवस्थाविशेषे आत्मना शुद्धेन मनसात्मानमेव पश्यति नतु देहादि पश्यंश्चात्मन्येव तुष्यति नतु विषयेषु। यत्रेत्यादीनां यच्छब्दानां तं योगसंज्ञितं विद्यादिति चतुर्थेनान्वयः।

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 a9abd06abe78…

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Vallabhācārya

।।6.20।।तमेव योगं स्वरूपतः फलतश्च लक्षयति यत्रेति सार्धैस्त्रिभिः। यत्र यस्मिन् काले योगतन्त्रसेवया निरुद्धं चित्तमुपरमते सर्वत इति स्वरूपलक्षणमुक्तम्। तथाच पातञ्जलसूत्रम् 1।2योगश्चित्तवृत्तिनिरोधः इति।

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 f37acb997ec7…

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Vedānta Deśika Veṅkaṭanātha

।।6.20।।पुनरपि योगदशैव आदरातिरेकाय निरतिशयपुरुषार्थत्वप्रतिपादनेन प्रपञ्च्यते यत्र इत्यादिभिः।निरुद्धं इत्यत्र परिगृहीतत्वविनष्टत्वादिभ्रमव्युदासाय योगसेवया हेतुना सर्वत्र निरुद्धमित्युक्तम्। सर्वतो निरुद्धमित्युक्ते प्रवृत्तस्य निवारणमात्रं प्रतीयेतसर्वत्र इत्युक्ते तूत्तरोत्तरप्रवृत्त्यनुदयोऽपि सिध्यतीति सप्तमीनिर्देशः।योगसेवया निरुद्धं यत्रोपरमते इत्युक्ते योगस्य पृथगुपादानात् यच्छब्दार्थस्य योगाद्व्यतिरेकः प्रतीयेतेति तद्व्युदासाययोगसंज्ञितम् इति वक्ष्यमाणान्वयेनयत्र योग इत्युक्तम्।यत्र यस्मिन् काले इति परोक्तमयुक्तम् उपरितनयच्छब्दभिन्नार्थत्वप्रसङ्गात् प्रतिनिर्देशस्थयोगशब्दानन्वयाच्चेति भावः।यत्रोपरमते इत्यत्र यतो विच्छिद्यत इति भ्रमापाकरणायाहअतिशयितेति। यत्र सिद्धेऽन्यत उपरमत इत्यध्याहारेण योजना न युक्ता तथा सतिनिरुद्धं इत्यनेन पुनरुक्तिश्च स्यात्। उपसर्गाणां च नानार्थत्वादयमेवातिशयितार्थ उपपन्नः। आसक्तिप्रतिपादनद्वारा तात्पर्येण वायमर्थः सिध्यतीति भावः। यत्र चैवेत्येवकारस्य यथाक्रमान्वये प्रयोजनाभावात् उचितान्वयप्रदर्शनाय आत्मन्येव तुष्यतीत्युक्तम्।अन्यनिरपेक्षमित्यवधारणतोषशब्दाभ्यां अर्थसिद्धोक्तिः। यद्वाआत्मानं पश्यंस्तुष्यति इत्येतावतैव विवक्षितसिद्धौ पुनरात्मनीति निर्देशः तदन्यव्युदासार्थ इत्यभिप्रायः। आत्मनि परमात्मानमिति योजना तु जीवयोगविषयत्वादिहासङ्गता। अतीन्द्रियमित्युक्तत्वात् परिशेषात् औचित्याच्चबुद्धिग्राह्यम् इत्यत्र बुद्धिं विशिनष्टि आत्मबुद्ध्येकेति।आत्यन्तिकं पुनर्दुःखसम्भेदरहितमित्यर्थः। यदेवंविधं सुखं तद्यत्र वेत्तीत्यन्वयः। यद्वा यत्तदिति पिण्डितं प्रसिद्ध्यतिशयार्थं तदित्येवार्थः। केचित्तु यत्तच्छब्दान्वयप्रकारमजानन्तःसुखमात्यन्तिकं यत्र इति पठन्तिवेत्ति यत्र इति यत्रशब्दः पूर्वोत्तरवाक्यसाधारणतया मध्ये प्रयुक्तः। वेत्तीत्यस्यापवर्गदशानुभाव्यसुखप्रतिसन्धानपरत्वव्युदासाय योगरूपापारोक्ष्याभिप्रायेणअनुभवतीत्युक्तम्।आत्मनि तुष्यति इति पूर्वमितरसुखनिरपेक्षत्वपरम्।सुखमात्यन्तिकम् इत्यादिकं तुस्वरूपसुखानुभवपरमित्यपौनरुक्त्यम्।सुखातिरेकेणेति उक्त एवाचलनहेतुरुचित इति भावः। प्रामाणिकार्थान्न चलतीति वा सम्यक् चलतीति वा निर्वहणं मन्दम्। योगदशायां च सुखातिरेकेण स्वरसतस्तदवस्थयैव चिरतरावस्थानाभिधानमुचितमपेक्षितं चेत्यभिप्रायेणतत्त्वतः इत्यस्यतद्भावादिति प्रतिपदमुक्तम्। इतरविषयनिरोधनैरपेक्ष्येयत्र इति श्लोकेनोक्ते। तत आत्मस्वरूपसुखानुभवस्तस्य स्वरसवाहितया दुर्विच्छेदत्वं चसुखम् इति श्लोकेनाभिहिते।अथयं लब्ध्वा इति श्लोकेन योगविरतिकालेष्वपि तस्यैवाभिलाषपदत्वाद्बाह्यसुखाभिलाषेण दुःखेन चानास्कन्दनमुच्यत इति विभागज्ञापनाभिप्रायेणयोगाद्विरत इत्यादिकमुक्तम्। योगदशायां तु लाभान्तरप्रतिसन्धानमेव नास्तीति भावः।गुरुणापि इत्युक्तगौरवव्यञ्जनायगुणवत्पुत्रवियोगादिनेत्युक्तम्।पुत्रजन्मविपत्तिभ्यां न परं सुखदुःखयोः इति ह्याहुः।न विचाल्यते योगप्रतिकूलमवसादं न गच्छतीत्यर्थः। दुःखसंयोगस्य वियोगस्तस्यासम्बन्धः अभाव इत्यर्थः। स च भावान्तरमिति ज्ञापनायाह दुःखसंयोगप्रत्यनीकाकारमिति। दुःखसंयोगस्य वियोगो यत्रेति व्यधिकरणबहुव्रीहौ फलितोक्तिरियम्। अथवा वियोगशब्दोऽत्र वियुज्यतेऽनेनेति करणार्थघञन्तो वियोगहेतुपर इति भावः। निर्विण्णचेतसेति पदच्छेदे संसारे तापत्रयेष्वेवेत्यध्याहारः स्यात् तत्तु सप्रयोजने योजनान्तरे सम्भवति न युक्तम् तस्मादनिर्निण्णचेतसेति पदच्छेदः। निश्चयशब्दोऽपि तेनैव हेतुसमर्पणेनान्वितः न तुयोक्तव्यः इत्यनेन निरर्थकान्वयप्रसङ्गात्। अनिर्विण्णत्वहेतुश्च निश्चयः पूर्वोक्तनिरतिशयपुरुषार्थत्वेनैव स्यात् तदेतदखिलमभिसन्धायाह स एवमिति।एवंरूपो निरतिशयपुरुषार्थरूप इत्यर्थः।योक्तव्यः इत्युक्तत्वात् आरम्भोपकारकत्वद्योतनायआरम्भदशायामित्युक्तम्।मनसा क्लिश्यमानस्तु समाधानं च कामयेत्। अनिर्वेदं मुनिर्गच्छन् कुर्यादेवात्मनो हितम्। इति ह्युच्यते।।अतो विरक्त्युपयुक्तो निर्वेदोऽन्यः अयं त्वन्यादृश इतिहृष्टचेतसेत्युक्तम्।योक्तव्यः कर्तव्य इत्यर्थः।

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 e1e5179614e1…

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Canonical ID
gita.6.20
Corpus version
gita-1.0.0-rc.1
Text review
machine-cross-checked; first review verified, second pass pending
Devanagari and IAST digital witness
vedic-scriptures · BG6.20
English translation witness
telang-1882 · Chapter 6; aligned against BG6.20
SHA-256
a8fe9b42ada73c14aa01c25db1dfdb2819ec67516756b798071dfe218434d57a