Jñāna Karma Sannyāsa Yoga

4.15

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Sanskrit · Devanagari

एवं ज्ञात्वा कृतं कर्म पूर्वैरपि मुमुक्षुभिः। कुरु कर्मैव तस्मात्त्वं पूर्वैः पूर्वतरं कृतम् ॥

Sanskrit · IAST

evaṃ jñātvā kṛtaṃ karma pūrvairapi mumukṣubhiḥ kuru karmaiva tasmāttvaṃ pūrvaiḥ pūrvataraṃ kṛtam

English translation

Kashinath Trimbak Telang, 1882
Knowing this, the men of old who wished for final emancipation, performed action.

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Interpretations

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All 30 available readings are aligned to this verse. Translations appear first, followed by commentaries; each keeps its author and source trail.

Translation · English

A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada

All the liberated souls in ancient times acted with this understanding of My transcendental nature. Therefore you should perform your duty, following in their footsteps.

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Translation · English

Abhinavagupta

4.15 Evam etc. Therefore being purified by this [sort of] conviction you too should perform actions that are to be necessarily performed. But, if it is said that success would result just from the non-performance of action, that is not correct. For -

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Translation · English

Dr. S. S. Sankaranarayan

4.15. Realizing in this fashion, action had been under-taken also by ancient seekers of salvation. Hence, you too should perform, by all means, the more ancient action that had been performed by the ancients.

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Translation · English

Rāmānuja

4.15 Actions of the kind described above were performed even by the aspirants of old for liberation, who have become free from evil after knowing Me in this way. Therefore, after having got rid of the sins by knowledge of Me in the aforesaid way, perform actions in the same way as they were performed by those ancients like Vivasvan, Manu etc., in olden times, in the way in which their performance was taught by Me even then. I shall declare it again in what follows. Sri Krsna stresses the difficulty of undertaking the type of Karma that is going to be taught now.

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Translation · English

Śaṅkarācārya

4.15 Jnatva, having known; evam, thus, that 'I am not an agent; I have no desire for the results of actions'; karma, duties; krtam, were undertaken; api, even; purvaih, by the ancient; mumuksubhih, seekers of Liberation. Tasmat, therefore; tvam, you; kuru, undertake; karma, action; eva, itself. You ought not to sit ietly, or even renounce. Therefore, you (undertake actions) because they were performed by the ancients as well-if you have no Self-knowledge, then (undertake actions) for self-purification; or, if you have Self-knowledge, then (undertake actions) in order to prevent people from going astray-, as were krtam, performed; purvataram, earlier; purvaih, by the ancient ones, Janaka and others; not actions as are undertaken in the present day. [This last portion of the sentence is translated by some as follows: You should not undertake actions which are done in the present manner (i.e. do not perform actions in the manner undertakne by people nowadays, which neither purifies the mind nor helps people). (See G1. Pr. p. 114.) 'If action has to be undertaken here, then I shall do so following Your instruction itself. What is the use of specifying that it was done earlier by the ancient ones?' 'The answer is: Because there is a great difficult as regards actions.' How?

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Translation · English

Shri Purohit Swami

4.15 In the light of wisdom, our ancestors, who sought deliverance, performed their acts. Act thou also, as did our fathers of old.

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Translation · English

Sir Edwin Arnold

And, so perceiving, all those saints of old Worked, seeking for deliverance. Work thou As, in the days gone by, thy fathers did.

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Translation · English

Swami Adidevananda

4.15 Knowing thus, even ancient seekers for liberation and work. Therefore, do your wok only as the ancients did in olden times.

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Translation · English

Swami Gambirananda

4.15 Having known thus, duties were performed even by the ancient seekers of Liberation. Thererfore you undertake action itself as was performed earlier by the ancient ones.

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Translation · English

Swami Sivananda

4.15 Having known this, the ancient seekers after freedom also performed action; therefore do thou also perform action, as did the ancients in days of yore.

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Translation · Hindi

Śaṅkarācārya

।।4.15।।मैं न तो कर्मोंका कर्ता ही हूँ और न मुझे कर्मफलकी चाहना ही है ऐसा समझकर ही पूर्वकालके मुमुक्षु पुरुषोंने भी कर्म किये थे। इसलिये तू भी कर्म ही कर। तेरे लिये चुपचाप बैठ रहना या संन्यास लेना यह दोनों ही कर्तव्य नहीं है। क्योंकि पूर्वजोंने भी कर्मका आचरण किया है इसलिये यदि तू आत्मज्ञानी नहीं है तब तो अन्तःकरणकी शुद्धिके लिये और यदि तत्त्वज्ञानी है तो लोकसंग्रहके लिये जनकादि पूर्वजोंद्वारा सदासे किये हुए (प्रकारसे ही ) कर्म कर नये ढंगसे किये जानेवाले कर्म मत कर।

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Translation · Hindi

Swami Ramsukhdas

।।4.15।। पूर्वकालके मुमुक्षुओंने भी इस प्रकार जानकर कर्म किये हैं, इसलिये तू भी पूर्वजोंके द्वारा सदासे किये जानेवाले कर्मोंको ही (उन्हींकी तरह) कर।

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Translation · Hindi

Swami Tejomayananda

।।4.15।। पूर्व के मुमुक्ष पुरुषों द्वारा भी इस प्रकार जानकर ही कर्म किया गया है; इसलिये तुम भी पूर्वजों द्वारा सदा से किये हुए कर्मों को ही करो।।

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Commentary · English

A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada

There are two classes of men. Some of them are full of polluted material things within their hearts, and some of them are materially free. Kṛṣṇa consciousness is equally beneficial for both of these persons. Those who are full of dirty things can take to the line of Kṛṣṇa consciousness for a gradual cleansing process, following the regulative principles of devotional service. Those who are already cleansed of the impurities may continue to act in the same Kṛṣṇa consciousness so that others may follow their exemplary activities and thereby be benefited. Foolish persons or neophytes in Kṛṣṇa consciousness often want to retire from activities without having knowledge of Kṛṣṇa consciousness. Arjuna’s desire to retire from activities on the battlefield was not approved by the Lord. One need only know how to act. To retire from the activities of Kṛṣṇa consciousness and to sit aloof making a show of Kṛṣṇa consciousness is less important than actually engaging in the field of activities for the sake of Kṛṣṇa. Arjuna is here advised to act in Kṛṣṇa consciousness, following in the footsteps of the Lord’s previous disciples, such as the sun-god Vivasvān, as mentioned hereinbefore. The Supreme Lord knows all His past activities, as well as those of persons who acted in Kṛṣṇa consciousness in the past. Therefore He recommends the acts of the sun-god, who learned this art from the Lord some millions of years before. All such students of Lord Kṛṣṇa are mentioned here as past liberated persons, engaged in the discharge of duties allotted by Kṛṣṇa.

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Commentary · English

Swami Sivananda

4.15 एवं thus? ज्ञात्वा having known? कृतम् (was) done? कर्म action? पूर्वैः by ancients? अपि also? मुमुक्षुभिः seekers after freedom? कुरु perform? कर्म action? एव even? तस्मात् therefore? त्वम् thou? पूर्वैः by ancients?,पूर्वतरम् in the olden time? कृतम् done.Commentary Knowing thus that the Self can have no desire for the fruits of actions and cannot be tainted by them? and knowing that no one can be tainted if he works without egoism? attachment and expectation of fruits? do thou perform your duty.If your heart is impure? perform actions for its purification. If you have attained AtmaJnana or the knowledge of the Self? work for the wellbeing of the world. The ancients such as Janaka and others performed actions in the days of yore. So do thou also perform action.

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Commentary · Hindi

Swami Chinmayananda

।।4.15।। परमात्मा में कर्तृत्व तथा फलासक्ति का अभाव है और उस आत्मस्वरूप का साक्षात् अनुभव कर लेने पर साधक में न इच्छा रहती है और न अहंकार जनित अन्य वृत्तियाँ। पूर्व अध्याय में वर्णित कर्मयोग का आचरण प्राचीन समय में अनेक बुद्धिमान मुमुक्ष पुरुषों ने किया था। अर्थ यह हुआ कि यह मार्ग कोई नवीन नहीं है।आपके उपदेशमात्र से मैं कर्मयोग का पालन करूँगा किन्तु इसमें पूर्व के मुमुक्षुओं का सन्दर्भ देने की क्या आवश्यकता है इसके उत्तर में भगवान् कहते हैं क्योंकि कर्म क्या है इस विषय को समझने में कठिनाई है कैसे कहते हैं

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Commentary · Hindi

Swami Ramsukhdas

4.15।। व्याख्या-- [नवें श्लोकमें भगवान्ने अपने कर्मोंकी दिव्यताका जो प्रसङ्ग आरम्भ किया था उसका यहाँ उपसंहार करते हैं।] 'एवं ज्ञात्वा कृतं कर्म पूर्वैरपि मुमुक्षुभिः'--अर्जुन मुमुक्षु थे अर्थात् अपना कल्याण चाहते थे। परन्तु युद्धरूपसे प्राप्त अपने कर्तव्य-कर्मको करनेमें उन्हें अपना कल्याण नहीं दीखता, प्रत्युत वे उसको घोर-कर्म समझकर उसका त्याग करना चाहते हैं (गीता 3। 1)। इसलिये भगवान् अर्जुनको पूर्वकालके मुमुक्षु पुरुषोंका उदाहरण देते हैं कि उन्होंने भी अपने-अपने कर्तव्य-कर्मोंका पालन करके कल्याणकी प्राप्ति की है, इसलिये तुम्हें भी उनकी तरह अपने कर्तव्यका पालन करना चाहिये।तीसरे अध्यायके बीसवें श्लोकमें जनकादिका उदाहरण देकर तथा इसी (चौथे) अध्यायके पहले-दूसरे श्लोकोंमें विवस्वान्, मनु, इक्ष्वाकु आदिका उदाहरण देकर भगवान्ने जो बातें कही थी, वही बात इस श्लोकमें भी कह रहे हैं। शास्त्रोंमें ऐसी प्रसिद्धि है कि मुमुक्षा जाग्रत् होनेपर कर्मोंका स्वरूपसे त्याग कर देना चाहिये; क्योंकि मुमुक्षाके बाद मनुष्य कर्मका अधिकारी नहीं होता; प्रत्युत ज्ञानका अधिकारी हो जाता है (टिप्पणी प0 238)। परन्तु यहाँ भगवान् कहते हैं कि मुमुक्षुओंने भी कर्मयोगका तत्त्व जानकर कर्म किये हैं। इसलिये मुमुक्षा जाग्रत् होनेपर भी अपने कर्तव्य-कर्मोंका त्याग नहीं करना चाहिये, प्रत्युत निष्कामभावपूर्वक कर्तव्य-कर्म करते रहना चाहिये।कर्मयोगका तत्त्व है--कर्म करते हुए योगमें स्थित रहना और योगमें स्थित रहते हुए कर्म करना। कर्म संसारके लिये और योग अपने लिये होता है। कर्मोंको करना और न करना--दोनों अवस्थाएँ हैं। अतः प्रवृत्ति (कर्म करना) और निवृत्ति (कर्म न करना) दोनों ही प्रवृत्ति (कर्म करना) है। प्रवृत्ति और निवृत्ति--दोनोंसे ऊँचा उठ जाना योग है, जो पूर्ण निवृत्ति है। पूर्ण निवृत्ति कोई अवस्था नहीं है। चौदहवें श्लोकमें भगवान्ने कहा कि कर्मफलमें मेरी स्पृहा नहीं है, इसलिये मुझे कर्म नहीं बाँधते। जो मनुष्य कर्म करनेकी इस विद्या-(कर्मयोग-) को जानकर फलेच्छाका त्याग करके कर्म करता है, वह भी कर्मोंसे नहीं बँधता; कारण कि फलेच्छासे ही मनुष्य बँधता है--फले सक्तो निबध्यते (गीता 5। 12)। अगर मनुष्य अपने सुखभोगके लिये अथवा धन, मान, बड़ाई, स्वर्ग आदिकी प्राप्तिके लिये कर्म करता है तो वे कर्म उसे बाँध देते हैं (गीता 3। 9)। परन्तु यदि उसका लक्ष्य उत्पत्ति-विनाशशील संसार नहीं है, प्रत्युत वह संसारसे सम्बन्ध-विच्छेद करनेके लिये निःस्वार्थ सेवा-भावसे केवल दूसरोंके हितके लिये कर्म करता है, तो वे कर्म उसे बाँधते नहीं (गीता 4। 23)। कारण कि दूसरोंके लिये कर्म करनेसे कर्मोंका प्रवाह संसारकी तरफ हो जाता है, जिससे कर्मोंका सम्बन्ध (राग) मिट जाता है और फलेच्छा न रहनेसे नया सम्बन्ध पैदा नहीं होता।'कुरु कर्मैव तस्मात्त्वं पूर्वैः पूर्वतरं कृतम्'-- इन पदोंसे भगवान् अर्जुनको आज्ञा दे रहे हैं कि तू मुमुक्षु है, इसलिये जैसे पहले अन्य मुमुक्षुओंने लोकहितार्थ कर्म किये हैं, ऐसे ही तू भी संसारके हितके लिये कर्म कर।शरीर, इन्द्रियाँ, मन आदि कर्मकी सब सामग्री अपनेसे भिन्न तथा संसारसे अभिन्न है। वह संसारकी है और संसारकी सेवाके लिये ही मिली है। उसे अपनी मानकर अपने लिये कर्म करनेसे कर्मोंका सम्बन्ध अपने साथ हो जाता है। जब सम्पूर्ण कर्म केवल दूसरोंके हितके लिये किये जाते हैं, तब कर्मोंका सम्बन्ध हमारे साथ नहीं रहता। कर्मोसे सर्वथा सम्बन्ध-विच्छेद होनेपर 'योग' अर्थात् परमात्माके साथ हमारे नित्यसिद्ध सम्बन्धका अनुभव हो जाता है, जो कि पहलेसे ही है। सम्बन्ध--पूर्वश्लोकमें 'एवं ज्ञात्वा कृतं कर्म' पदोंसे कर्मोंको जाननेकी बात कही गयी थी। अब भगवान् आगेके श्लोकसे कर्मोंको तत्त्व से जाननेके लिये प्रकरण आरम्भ करते हैं।

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Abhinavagupta

।।4.15।।एवमिति। तस्मादनया बुद्ध्या पवित्रीकृतस्त्वमपि कर्माण्यवश्यं कर्तव्यानि कुरु।

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Ānandagiri

।।4.15।।तव कर्मतत्फलसंबन्धाभावे तथा ज्ञानवतश्च तदसंबन्धे ममापि किं कर्मणेत्याशङ्क्य कर्मणि कर्तृत्वाभिमानं तत्फले स्पृहां चाकृत्वा मुमुक्षुवत्त्वया कर्म कर्तव्यमेवेत्याह नाहमित्यादिना। नाहं कर्तेत्येवमादि एवमा परामृश्यते तेन पूर्वैर्मुमुक्षुभिरनुष्ठितत्वेन हेतुनेत्यर्थः। कर्मैवेत्येवकारार्थमाह नेत्यादिना। त्वंशब्दस्य क्रियापदेन संबन्धः। तस्मादित्युक्तमेव स्फुटयति पूर्वैरिति। यदुक्तं किं मम कर्मणेति तत्र त्वमज्ञो वा तत्त्वविद्वा। यद्यज्ञस्तदा चित्तशुद्ध्यर्थं कुरु कर्मेत्याह यदीति। द्वितीयं प्रत्याह तत्त्वविदिति। कुरु कर्मेति संबन्धः। पूर्वैर्मूढैराचरितमित्येतावता किमिति विवेकवता मया तत्कर्तव्यमित्याशङ्क्याह जनकादिभिरिति। ते तावदेवं संपाद्य कर्म कृतवन्तो न तदिदानीमप्रामाणिकत्वादनुष्ठेयमित्याशङ्क्याह पूर्वतरमिति।

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Dhanapati

।।4.15।। नाहं कर्ता न मे कर्मफले स्पृहेत्येवंज्ञात्वा पूर्वैरपि मुमुक्षुभिश्चित्तशुद्धिद्वारा ज्ञानार्थं कर्म कृतं तस्मात्त्वमपि कर्मैव कुरु। नापि तूष्णीमासनं नापि संन्यासम्। यस्मात्त्वत्तोऽपि पूर्वैर्जनकादिभिः ज्ञानिभिर्लोकसंग्रहार्थं अनादिसिद्धत्वात्पूर्वतरं कृतम्। यद्यज्ञो मुमुक्षुस्त्वं तर्हि सत्त्वशुद्य्धर्थं तत्त्वविच्चेत्तर्हि लोकसंग्रहार्थं कर्म कुर्वित्यभिप्रायः।

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 2ab39e45e359…

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Jayatīrtha

।।4.15।।नन्वेवं ज्ञात्वेति पुनरुक्तम् कर्मकरण आचारस्य प्रागेवोक्तत्वात् इत्यत आह एवमिति। यदि ज्ञानी कर्मभिर्न बद्ध्यते तर्हि ममापि ज्ञानित्वेन कर्मबन्धाभावात् कथं कर्मविधानं इत्याशङ्क्य ज्ञानिनामप्यधिकमोक्षाकाङ्क्षया कर्मकरणमाचारोऽत्रोच्यते। प्राक्तु जनकादीनां विवस्वदादीनां च विद्यमानमपि ज्ञानित्वं भगवता न विवक्षितमिति भावः। अत एव भाष्यकारेणतत्र कर्म कृत्वैव इत्याद्युक्तम्। न हि ज्ञानिनां कर्मज्ञानद्वारा मुक्तिहेतुः। मुमुक्षुभिरितितत्साधुकारिणि अष्टा.3।2।13 उप्रत्ययः। पूर्वैः कृतमित्यनेनैव पूर्वतर त्वस्योक्तत्वात् पुनरुक्तिरित्यत आह पूर्वतरमिति। तैरपि ततोऽपि पूर्वभावि कृतमित्यर्थः। कर्मणः क्षणिकत्वात्कथं तदेव कर्तव्यं इत्यतो वेदमुक्तम्। पूर्वमिव भवतीति पूर्वभावि अत एव कर्मेत्यनुवादः।

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 55194ac93bdb…

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Madhusūdana Sarasvatī

।।4.15।।यतो नाहं कर्ता न मे कर्मफले स्पृहेति ज्ञानात्कर्मभिर्न बध्यते अतः एवं आत्मनोऽकर्तुः कर्मालेपं ज्ञात्वा कृतं कर्म पूर्वैरतिक्रान्तैरपि अस्मिन् युगे ययातियदुप्रभृतिभिर्मुमुक्षुभिः। तस्मात्त्वमपि कर्मैव कुरु न तूष्णीमासनं नापि संन्यासम्। यद्यतत्त्ववित्तदात्मशुद्ध्यर्थं तत्त्वविच्चेल्लोकसंग्रहार्थं पूर्वैः जनकादिभिः पूर्वतरं अतिपूर्वं युगान्तरेऽपि कृतम्।एतेनास्मिन्युगेऽन्ययुगे च पूर्वपूर्वतरैः कृतत्वादवश्यं त्वया कर्तव्यं कर्मेति दर्शयति।

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 786d5127ac31…

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Madhvācārya

।।4.15।।एवं ज्ञात्वा कर्मकरणे आचारोऽप्यस्तीत्याह एवमिति। पूर्वतरं कर्म पूर्वभावीत्यर्थः।

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 4d50c1711c01…

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Nīlakaṇṭha

।।4.15।।एतदेव शिष्टाचारप्रदर्शनपूर्वकं ग्राहयति एवं ज्ञात्वेति। पूर्वतरं वेदोक्तत्वान्नत्वधुना केनचित्कल्पितमित्यर्थः। पूर्वतरं प्रथमतरं कृतं अत्यावश्यकत्वादिति वार्थः।

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 bb8e01840b38…

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Puruṣottamajī

।।4.15।।पूर्वैर्मुमुक्षुभिरपि विद्वद्भिरप्येवं मत्स्वरूपं ज्ञात्वा कर्म कृतं मदाज्ञारूपत्वात् कृतमिति भावः। तैर्मदाज्ञया कृतं त्वमपि पूर्वाध्यायोक्तप्रकारेण मदाज्ञयैव कुर्वित्याह एवं ज्ञात्वेति। तस्मादेवं बन्धकाभावादेव पूर्वैर्मुमुक्षुभिः कृतं त्वं मदाज्ञारूपत्वेन कर्म कुरु। कीदृशं पूर्वतरं परम्परया मुक्तैरपि मुमुक्षुदशायां कृतम्।

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 f72419308835…

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Rāmānuja

।।4.15।।एवं मां ज्ञात्वा अपि विमुक्तपापैः पूर्वैः अपि मुमुक्षुभिः उक्तलक्षणं कर्म कृतम्। तस्मात् त्वम् उक्तप्रकारमद्विषयज्ञानविधूतपापः पूर्वैः विवस्वन्मन्वादिभिः कृतं पूर्वतरं पुरातनं तदानीम् एव मया उक्तं वक्ष्यमाणाकारं कर्म एव कुरु।वक्ष्यमाणस्य कर्मणो दुर्ज्ञानताम् आह

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 9cdf94902d9b…

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Śaṅkarācārya

।।4.15।। एवं ज्ञात्वा कृतं कर्म पूर्वैः अपि अतिक्रान्तैः मुमुक्षुभिः। कुरु तेन कर्मैव त्वम् न तूष्णीमासनं नापि संन्यासः कर्तव्यः तस्मात् त्वं पूर्वैरपि अनुष्ठितत्वात् यदि अनात्मज्ञः त्वं तदा आत्मशुद्ध्यर्थम् तत्त्वविच्चेत् लोकसंग्रहार्थं पूर्वैः जनकादिभिः पूर्वतरं कृतं न अधुनातनं कृतं निर्वर्तितम्।।तत्र कर्म चेत् कर्तव्यं त्वद्वचनादेव करोम्यहम् किं विशेषितेन पूर्वैः पूर्वतरं कृतम् (गीता 4.15) इत्युच्यते यस्मात् महत् वैषम्यं कर्मणि। कथम्

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 ae1b195fa453…

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Śrīdhara Svāmin

।।4.15।।ये यथा मां प्रपद्यन्ते इत्यादिचतुर्भिः श्लोकैः प्रासङ्गिकमीश्व रस्य वैषम्यं परिहृत्य पूर्वोक्तमेव कर्मयोगं प्रपञ्चयितुमनुस्मारयति एवमिति। अहंकारादिराहित्येन कृतं कर्म बन्धकं न भवतीत्येवं ज्ञात्वा पूर्वैर्जनकादिभिरपि मुमुक्षुभिः सत्त्वशुद्ध्यर्थं पूर्वतरं युगान्तरेष्वपि कृतम्। तस्मात्त्वमपि प्रथमं कर्मैव कुरु।

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 11010aafccb3…

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Vallabhācārya

।।4.15।।एवं प्रासङ्गिकमुक्त्वा पूर्वोक्तयोगे कर्त्तव्यं कर्म प्रपञ्चयितुमनुस्मारयति एवं ज्ञात्वेति। पूर्वोक्तप्रकारेण योगिभावतो भगवता कृतं कर्म न बधन्कमिति ज्ञात्वा पूर्वैरपि मुमुक्षुभिः कक्षीवन्नारदादिभिर्मन्वादिभिर्वा जनकादिभिर्वा कर्म स्वधर्माख्यं वक्ष्यमाणप्रकारेण कृतम् तस्मात्त्वमपि कर्मैव कुरु। न चेदमाधुनिकम् किन्तु पूर्वतरं पूर्वैश्च कृतम्। इति शिष्टाचारात्कर्त्तव्यता बोधिता।

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 ec9022cb3aca…

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Commentary · Sanskrit

Vedānta Deśika Veṅkaṭanātha

4.15 इत्यनन्तरवाक्यानुरोधाच्च सङ्कोचे कार्ये प्रकृतोपयुक्तो विशेषोऽयमेवेत्यभिप्रायेणकर्मयोगारम्भविरोधिभिरित्याद्युक्तम्। विरोधित्वेऽवान्तरव्यापारकथनम्।फलसङ्गादिहेतुभिरिति। यद्वा फलसङ्गादिना कृतत्वात्फलादिद्वारा कर्मयोगारम्भविरोधिभिरिति भावः। अत्र प्राचीनशब्देन निष्पन्नोपासनस्य उत्तराघाश्लेष इत्यभिप्रेतम्। प्राचीनैः प्रागेव बद्धस्य कस्तैरबन्ध इत्यत्राहमुच्यत इत्यर्थ इति। एवं श्लोकद्वयेन यथोक्तकर्मयोगारम्भविरोधिपापक्षयहेतुरुक्तः।।।4.15।।तत्पूर्वकं कर्मयोगं शिष्टानुष्ठानप्रदर्शनेन द्रढयन् अर्जुनं प्रत्यनुशास्तिएवं इति श्लोकेन।एवमिति कर्तृत्वाकर्तृत्वादिनोक्तप्रकारेणेत्यर्थः।ज्ञात्वा कृतं कर्म इत्युक्ते ज्ञानस्य कर्मकरणहेतुत्वं सूचितम्।कर्मभिर्न स बध्यते 4।14 इति च पूर्वमुक्तम्। अतो विरोधिपापनिवर्तनद्वारा ज्ञानस्य कर्महेतुत्वमिति व्यञ्जनायज्ञात्वाऽपि विमुक्तपापैरित्युक्तम्। कर्मशब्दोऽत्र मुमुक्षुकर्तव्यविषयत्वात् व्यवहितमपि प्रधानप्रकृतं कर्मयोगमवलम्बत इत्यभिप्रायेणउक्तलक्षणमित्युक्तम्। त्वंशब्दो गृहीतस्वयाथात्म्योपदेशतां सूचयतीत्यभिप्रायेणत्वमुक्तप्रकारमद्विषयज्ञानविधूतपाप इत्युक्तम्।इमं विवस्वते 4।1 इत्यादावुदाहृतानुष्ठातारः पूर्वैरिति परामृश्यन्त इत्यभिप्रायेणविवस्वन्मन्वादिभिरित्युक्तम्। पूर्वतरमित्यस्य क्रियाविशेषणत्वव्युदासायाहपुरातनमिति। तदभिप्रेतमाहतदानीमेव मयोक्तमिति। एवं प्रवाहानादित्वमिह विवक्षितम्। कर्मयोगस्वरूपनिष्कर्षोपोद्धातरूपत्वादस्यवक्ष्यमाणाकारमित्युक्तम्।

Machine-validated alignment; human review pending. SHA-256 9ca77d2d4a70…

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Canonical ID
gita.4.15
Corpus version
gita-1.0.0-rc.1
Text review
machine-cross-checked; first review verified, second pass pending
Devanagari and IAST digital witness
vedic-scriptures · BG4.15
English translation witness
telang-1882 · Chapter 4; aligned against BG4.15
SHA-256
f77d6358c74086665a67a737ae9f5184d4062af651f1965e6588d74558df50cf